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Predictability Issues in Mixed-Criticality Real-Time Systems

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Principles of Modeling

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 10760))

Abstract

Timing predictability is an explicit requirement for many safety-critical real-time systems. In building such systems, this requirement is typically met by establishing, to an appropriate level of assurance, that salient run-time temporal properties of the system being designed can be accurately predicted prior to run-time. But what of real-time systems supporting multiple functionalities that are not all equally critical? In such systems, it may suffice to establish the timing predictability of less critical functionalities to lower levels of assurance than is needed for highly critical functionalities. We examine the implications of this fact on the deterministic modeling of real-time systems, and explore means for exploiting it in order to achieve more resource-efficient implementations of mixed-criticality real-time systems.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    We point out that there are some exceptions to this general rule, in the form of efforts at developing time-deterministic hardware—a particularly noteworthy example is the Precision Timed Machine project [9, 11]. See [4] for a survey of research efforts at building predictable systems using current hardware.

  2. 2.

    The more recent CAST-32A recommendations are somewhat more liberal and allow for exceptions to this under carefully controlled circumstances.

  3. 3.

    As an example from the avionics certification domain, the RapiTime Aero tool (https://www.rapitasystems.com/products/rapitime/aero) offers documentation and tests to support the qualification of tools and processes that seek to achieve DO-17B qualification.

  4. 4.

    Which, of course, is unable to guarantee that \(J_2\) completes by its deadline.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA

    Sanjoy Baruah

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  1. Sanjoy Baruah
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Correspondence to Sanjoy Baruah .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA

    Marten Lohstroh

  2. National Instruments, Berkeley, California, USA

    Patricia Derler

  3. Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden, Reykjavík University, Reykjavik, Iceland

    Marjan Sirjani

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Baruah, S. (2018). Predictability Issues in Mixed-Criticality Real-Time Systems. In: Lohstroh, M., Derler, P., Sirjani, M. (eds) Principles of Modeling. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10760. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95246-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95246-8_5

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-95246-8

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