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Congestion Aware and Adaptive Routing Protocols for MANETs: A Survey

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Recent Trends and Advances in Wireless and IoT-enabled Networks

Part of the book series: EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing ((EAISICC))

Abstract

MANETs contain mobile nodes that can join or leave the network during the operations intended by the network. During massive communication scenarios, congestion causes increase in transmission delay and packet loss which ultimately leads to waste of resources upon recovery. The current available routing algorithms are not congestion adaptive. Existing surveys on routing include the congestion occurrence and then its control-based techniques in a reactive manner. In this paper, we have focused to further include the congestion avoidance schemes where congestion aware and congestion adaptive protocols for MANETs are discussed. Congestion avoidance-based schemes are further subcategorized under cross-layer and rate control-based protocols. We have also categorically evaluated the existing schemes and presented in a tabular form to highlight the role of end-to-end delay, packet drop ratio, throughput, energy efficiency, data rate, and related metrics. It provides a comprehensive collection of related schemes to overview the contributions in this area and pinpoint the weaknesses for mitigating the unresolved issues.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Engineering, College of EME, NUST, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Nousheen Akhtar & Muazzam A. Khan Khattak

  2. Department of Computer Science, National University of Modern Languages, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Ata Ullah

  3. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, HITEC University, Taxila, Pakistan

    Muhammad Younus Javed

Authors
  1. Nousheen Akhtar
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  2. Muazzam A. Khan Khattak
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  3. Ata Ullah
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  4. Muhammad Younus Javed
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muazzam A. Khan Khattak .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan

    Mian Ahmad Jan

  2. Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan

    Fazlullah Khan

  3. Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

    Muhammad Alam

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Akhtar, N., Khan Khattak, M.A., Ullah, A., Javed, M.Y. (2019). Congestion Aware and Adaptive Routing Protocols for MANETs: A Survey. In: Jan, M., Khan, F., Alam, M. (eds) Recent Trends and Advances in Wireless and IoT-enabled Networks. EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99966-1_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99966-1_15

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-99965-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-99966-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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