Abstract
The use of feedback control techniques has been gaining importance in real-time scheduling as a means to provide predictable performance in the face of uncertain workload. In this paper, we propose and analyze a feedback scheduling algorithm, called double-loop feedback scheduler, for distributed real-time systems, whose objective is to keep the deadline miss ratio near the desired value and achieve high CPU utilization. This objective is achieved by an integrated design of a local and a global feedback scheduler. We provide the stability analysis of the double-loop system. We also carry out extensive simulation studies to evaluate the performance and stability of the proposed double-loop scheduler. Our studies show that the proposed scheduler achieves high CPU utilization with low miss ratio and stays in steady state after a step change in workload, characterized by change in actual execution time of tasks.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Buttazzo, G.C.: Hard Real-Time Computing Systems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1997)
Siva Ram Murthy, C., Manimaran, G.: Resource Management in Real-Time Systems and Networks. MIT Press, Cambridge (April 2001)
Lu, C., Stankovic, J.A., Tao, G., Son, S.H.: Design and evaluation of feedback control EDF scheduling algorithm. In: Proc. IEEE RTSS, pp. 56–67 (1999)
Stankovic, J.A., Lu, C., Son, S.H., Tao, G.: The case for feedback control real-time scheduling. In: Proc. Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems, pp. 11–20 (1999)
Sahoo, D.R., Swaminathan, S., Al-Omari, R., Salapaka, M.V., Manimaran, G., Somani, A.K.: Feedback control for real-time scheduling. In: Proc. American Controls Conference, vol. 2, pp. 1254–1259 (2002)
Al-Omari, R., Manimaran, G., Salapaka, M.V., Somani, A.K.: New algorithms for openloop and closed-loop scheduling of real-time tasks based on execution time estimation. In: Proc. IEEE IPDPS (2003)
Alexander, D.R., Lawrence, D.A., Welch, L.R.: Feedback control resource management using a posteriori workload characterizations. In: Proc. IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, vol. 3, pp. 2222–2227 (2000)
Ravindran, B., Kachroo, P., Hegazy, T.: Adaptive resource management in asynchronous real-time distributed systems using feedback control functions. In: Proc. Intl. Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized Systems, pp. 39–46 (2001)
Stankovic, J.A., He, T., Abdelzaher, T.F., Marley, M., Tao, G., Son, S.H., Lu, C.: Feedback control scheduling in distributed systems. In: Proc. IEEE RTSS, pp. 59–70 (2001)
Ogata, K.: Modern Control Engineering. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (2002)
Liu, C.L., Layland, J.W.: Scheduling algorithms for multiprogramming in a hard-real-time environment. Journal of ACM 20(1), 46–61 (1973)
Stankovic, J.A., Ramaritham, K.: The Spring Kernel: a new paradigm for real-time systems. IEEE Software 8(3), 62–72 (1991)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lin, S., Manimaran, G. (2003). Double-Loop Feedback-Based Scheduling Approach for Distributed Real-Time Systems. In: Pinkston, T.M., Prasanna, V.K. (eds) High Performance Computing - HiPC 2003. HiPC 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2913. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24596-4_29
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24596-4_29
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-20626-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-24596-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive