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Rehabilitation and Health Care Robotics

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Springer Handbook of Robotics

Abstract

The field of rehabilitation robotics develops robotic systems that assist persons who have a disability with necessary activities, or that provide therapy for persons seeking to improve physical or cognitive function. This chapter will discuss both of these domains and provide descriptions of the major achievements of the field over its short history. Specifically, after providing background information on world demographics (Sect. 53.1.2) and the history (Sect. 53.1.3) of the field, Sect. 53.2 describes physical therapy and training robots, and Sect. 53.3 describes robotic aids for people with disabilities. Section 53.4 then briefly discusses recent advances in smart prostheses and orthoses that are related to rehabilitation robotics. Finally, Sect. 53.5 provides an overview of recent work in diagnosis and monitoring for rehabilitation as well as other health-care issues. At the conclusion of this chapter, the reader will be familiar with the history of rehabilitation robotics and its primary accomplishments, and will understand the challenges the field faces in the future as it seeks to improve health care and the well-being of persons with disabilities. In this chapter, we will describe an application of robotics that may in the future touch many of us in an acutely personal way.

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Abbreviations

ADL:

activities of daily living

CEA:

Commission de Energie Atomique

CP:

cerebral palsy

CP:

closest point

CP:

complementarity problem

DARPA:

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DOF:

degree of freedom

DSO:

Defense Sciences Office

DeVAR:

desktop vocational assistant robot

EEG:

electroencephalogram

EMG:

electromyography

EPP:

extended physiological proprioception

ES:

electrical stimulation

FNS:

functional neural stimulation

I/O:

input/output

IEEE:

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

ISO:

International Organization for Standardization

NIDRR:

National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research

RERC:

Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on Rehabilitation Robotics

RFID:

radiofrequency identification

SCARA:

selective compliance assembly robot arm

SCI:

spinal cord injury

US:

ultrasound

VRML:

virtual reality modeling language

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 6250 Applied Science Lane, V6T 1Z4, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    H.F. Machiel Van der Loos Prof

  2. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California at Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, 92617-3975, Irvine, CA, USA

    David J. Reinkensmeyer Prof

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  1. H.F. Machiel Van der Loos Prof
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Correspondence to H.F. Machiel Van der Loos Prof or David J. Reinkensmeyer Prof .

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  1. PRISMA Lab, Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Universitá degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80125, Napoli, Italy, Via Claudio 21

    Bruno Siciliano Prof.

  2. Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, 94305-9010, Stanford, CA, USA

    Oussama Khatib Prof.

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Van der Loos, H.M., Reinkensmeyer, D.J. (2008). Rehabilitation and Health Care Robotics. In: Siciliano, B., Khatib, O. (eds) Springer Handbook of Robotics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30301-5_54

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