Abstract
An understanding of gaze control requires knowledge of the basic properties of eye movements during scene viewing. Because most of what we know about eye movement behavior is based on the viewing of images on computer screens, it is important to determine whether viewing in this setting generalizes to the viewing of real-world environments. Our objectives were to characterize eye movement behavior in the real world using head-mounted eyetracking technology and to illustrate the need for and development of automated analytic methods. Eye movements were monitored while participants searched for and counted coffee cups positioned within a cluttered office scene. Saccades were longer than typically observed using static displays, but fixation durations appear to generalize across viewing situations. Participants also made longer saccades to cups when a pictorial example of the target was provided in advance, suggesting a modulation of the perceptual span in accordance with the amount of information provided.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Henderson, J.M.: Visual attention and eye movement control during reading and picture viewing. In: Rayner, K. (ed.) Eye movements and visual cognition: Scene perception and reading, pp. 260–283. Springer, New York (1992)
Henderson, J.M., Pollatsek, A., Rayner, K.: Covert visual attention and extrafoveal information use during object identification. Perception & Psychophysics 45, 196–208 (1989)
Hoffman, J.E., Subramaniam, B.: The role of visual attention in saccadic eye movements. Perception & Psychophysics 57, 787–795 (1995)
Kowler, E., Anderson, E., Dosher, B., Blaser, E.: The role of attention in the programming of saccades. Vision Research 35, 1897–1916 (1995)
Shepherd, M., Findlay, J.M., Hockey, R.J.: The relationship between eye movements and spatial attention. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 38A, 475–491 (1986)
Antes, J.R.: The time course of picture viewing. Journal of Experimental Psychology 103, 62–70 (1974)
Buswell, G.T.: How people look at pictures. University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1935)
Mackworth, N.H., Morandi, A.J.: The gaze selects informative details within pictures. Perception and Psychophysics 2, 547–552 (1967)
Yarbus, A.L.: Eye Movements and Vision. Plenum Press, New York (1967)
Henderson, J.M., Hollingworth, A.: Eye movements during scene viewing: An overview. In: Underwood, G. (ed.) Eye Guidance in Reading and Scene Perception, pp. 269–293. Elsevier Science Ltd, Amsterdam (1998)
Henderson, J.M.: Human gaze control in real-world scene perception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7, 498–504 (2003)
Mannan, S.K., Ruddock, K.H., Wooding, D.S.: The relationship between the locations of spatial features and those of fixations made during visual examination of briefly presented images. Spatial Vision 10, 165–188 (1996)
Mannan, S.K., Ruddock, K.H., Wooding, D.S.: Fixation patterns made during brief examination of two-dimensional images. Perception 26, 1059–1072 (1997)
Parkhurst, D., Niebur, E.: Scene content selected by active vision. Spatial Vision 16, 125–154 (2003)
De Græf, P., Christiæns, D., d’Ydewalle, G.: Perceptual effects of scene context on object identification. Psychological Research 52, 317–329 (1990)
Henderson, J.M., Weeks Jr, P.A., Hollingworth, A.: The effects of semantic consistency on eye movements during complex scene viewing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 25, 210–228 (1999)
Loftus, G.R., Mackworth, N.H.: Cognitive determinants of fixation location during picture viewing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 4, 565–572 (1978)
Castelhano, M.S., Henderson, J.M.: Flashing scenes and moving windows: An effect of initial scene gist on eye movements [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 3(9), 67a (2003), http://journalofvision.org/3/9/67/ doi:10.1167/3.9.67
Land, M.F., Hayhoe, M.: In what ways do eye movements contribute to everyday activities? Vision Research 41, 3559–3565 (2001)
Rayner, K.: Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research. Psychological Bulletin 124, 372–422 (1998)
Pelz, J.B., Canosa, R., Lipps, M., Babcock, J., Rao, P.: Saccadic targeting in the real world [Abstract]. Journal of Vision, 3(9), 310a (2003), http://journalofvision.org/3/9/310/ doi:10.1167/3.9.310
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gajewski, D.A., Pearson, A.M., Mack, M.L., Bartlett, F.N., Henderson, J.M. (2005). Human Gaze Control in Real World Search. In: Paletta, L., Tsotsos, J.K., Rome, E., Humphreys, G. (eds) Attention and Performance in Computational Vision. WAPCV 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3368. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30572-9_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30572-9_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-24421-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-30572-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)