Abstract
Along with the increasing accessibility of the Web, services available on the Web have expanded into several aspects of our lives. As a relatively new comer, Web-based legal services have become another front in the arena. For instance, through such services, people obtain rough pictures of the lawsuits of interest before they decide whether and how to approach their counselors. As a step toward offering online legal services, we propose algorithms for classifying criminal charges in Chinese based on the alleged criminal violations that the district attorney used to prosecute the defendants. The classification is not trivial because some prosecutions involve violations of multiple articles in the criminal law, and we wish to classify lawsuits as precisely as possible. We employ techniques of instance-based classification and introspective learning for the classification task, and achieve satisfactory initial results for classifying charges of larceny and gambling.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Some web sites for e-governments in developed and developing countries, www.bsi.de/fachthem/egov/ ; www.e-government.govt.nz/ ; www.e-gov.go.jp/ ; www.whitehouse.gov/omb/egov/ ; www1.worldbank.org/publicsector/egov/ ; e-government.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/Home/Homepage/fs/en
Some web sites for legal information in Chinese, www.sinolaw.net.cn/alyl.asp ; www.judicial.gov.tw/ ; www.lawbank.com.tw ; www.root.com.tw
Information about the International Conferences on Artificial Intelligence and Law between, 1987 and 2003, http://www.sigmod.org/sigmod/dblp/db/conf/icail/
Lai, T.B.Y., Huang, C.: Dependency-based syntactic analysis of Chinese and annotation of parsed corpus. In: Proc. of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 255–262 (2000)
Brown, G.: CHINATAX: Exploring isomorphism with Chinese law. In: Proc. of the 4th Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Law, pp. 175–179 (1993)
Liu, C.-L., Chang, C.-T., Ho, J.-H.: Classification and clustering for case-based criminal summary judgments. In: Proc. of the 9th Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Law, pp. 252–261 (2003)
Liu, C.-L., Chang, C.-T.: Some case-refinement strategies for case-based criminal summary judgments. In: Zhong, N., Raś, Z.W., Tsumoto, S., Suzuki, E. (eds.) ISMIS 2003. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 2871, pp. 285–291. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Liu, C.-L., Chang, C.-T., Ho, J.-H.: Case instance generation and refinement for case-based criminal summary judgments in Chinese. J. of Information Science and Engineering 20(4), 783–800 (2004)
Mitchell, T.: Machine Learning. McGraw-Hill, New York (1997)
Zhang, Z., Yang, Q.: Feature weight maintenance in case bases using introspective learning. J. of Intelligent Information Systems 16(2), 95–116 (2001)
HowNet, http://www.keenage.com
Manning, C.D., Schütze, H.: Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing. MIT Press, Cambridge (1999)
Brüninghaus, S., Ashley, K.D.: Toward adding knowledge to learning algorithms for indexing legal cases. In: Proc. of the 7th Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Law, pp. 9–17 (1999)
Brüninghaus, S., Ashley, K.D.: Improving the representation of legal case texts with information extraction methods. In: Proc. of the 8th Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Law, pp. 42–51 (2001)
Pannu, A.S.: Using genetic algorithms to inductively reason with cases in the legal domain. In: Proc. of the 5th Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Law, pp. 175–184 (1995)
Thompson, P.: Automatic categorization of case law. In: Proc. of the 8th Int. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence and Law, pp. 70–77 (2001)
Hafner, C., Berman, D.: The Role of Context in Case-based Legal Reasoning: teleological, temporal and procedural. Artificial Intelligence and Law 10, 19–64 (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Liu, CL., Liao, TM. (2005). Classifying Criminal Charges in Chinese for Web-Based Legal Services. In: Zhang, Y., Tanaka, K., Yu, J.X., Wang, S., Li, M. (eds) Web Technologies Research and Development - APWeb 2005. APWeb 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3399. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31849-1_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31849-1_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-25207-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31849-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)