Skip to main content

The Hybrid Chord Protocol: A Peer-to-Peer Lookup Service for Context-Aware Mobile Applications

  • Conference paper
Networking - ICN 2005 (ICN 2005)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCCN,volume 3421))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

A fundamental problem in Peer-to-Peer (P2P) overlay networks is how to efficiently find a node that shares a requested object. The Chord protocol is a distributed lookup protocol addressing this problem using hash keys to identify the nodes in the network and also the shared objects. However, when a node joins or leaves the Chord ring, object references have to be rearranged in order to maintain the hash key mapping rules. This leads to a heavy traffic load, especially when nodes stay in the Chord ring only for a short time. In mobile scenarios storage capacity, transmission data rate and battery power are limited resources, so the heavy traffic load generated by the shifting of object references can lead to severe problems when using Chord in a mobile scenario. In this paper, we present the Hybrid Chord Protocol (HCP). HCP solves the problem of frequent joins and leaves of nodes. As a further improvement of an efficient search, HCP supports the grouping of shared objects in interest groups. Our concept of using information profiles to describe shared objects allows defining special interest groups (context spaces) and a shared object to be available in multiple context spaces.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Stoica, I., Morris, R., Karger, D., Kaashoek, M., Balakrishnan, H.: Chord: A Scalable Peer-to-Peer Lookup Service for Internet Applications. In: presented at ACM SIG-COMM Conference (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Tarlano, A., Kellerer, W.: Context Spaces Architectural Framework. In: presented at SAINT 2004 Workshop on Ubiquitous Services (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ratnasamy, S., Francis, P., Handley, M., Karp, R., Shenker, S.: A Scalable Content-Addressable Network. In: Presented at ACM SIGCOMM Conference (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Rowstron, A., Druschel, P.: Pastry: Scalable, Distributed Object Location and Routing for Large-Scale Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: Guerraoui, R. (ed.) Middleware 2001. LNCS, vol. 2218, p. 329. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Zhao, B.Y., Huang, L., Stribling, J., Rhea, S.C., Joseph, A.D., Kubiatowicz, J.D.: Tapestry: A Resilient Global-Scape Overlay for Service Deployment. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 22 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Zhuang, L., Zhou, F.: Understanding Chord Performance Technical Report CS268 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Goel, S., Robson, M., Polte, M., Sirer, E.G.: Herbivore: A Scalable and Efficient Protocol for Anonymous Communication Cornell University Computing and Information Science Technical Report, TR2003-1890 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Harren, M., Hellerstein, J.M., Huebsch, R., Loo, B.T., Shenker, S., Stoica, I.: Complex queries in DHT-based peer-to-peer networks. In: Druschel, P., Kaashoek, M.F., Rowstron, A. (eds.) IPTPS 2002. LNCS, vol. 2429, p. 242. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Tang, C., Altekar, G., Dwakadas, S.: Calot: A Constant-Diameter Low-Traffic Distributed Hash Table. Under submission (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sen, S., Wang, J.: Analyzing Peer-to-Peer Traffic Across Large Networks presented. In: ACM SIGCOMM Internet Measurement Workshop (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Schollmeier, R., Dumanois, A.: Peer-to-Peer Traffic Characteristics. In: Presented at EUNICE 2003 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mesaros, V.A., Carton, B., Roy, P.V.: S-Chord: Using Symmetry to Improve Lookup Efficiency in Chord. In: Presented at 2003 International Conference on Parallel and Dis-tributed Processing Techniques and Applications, PDPTA 2003 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Lakshminarayanan, K., Rao, A.R., Surana, S.: Hyperchord: A Peer-to-Peer data Location Architecture. UC Berkley Technical Report CS-021208 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Liu, L., Ryu, K.D.: Supporting Efficient Keyword-Based File Search in Peer-to-Peer File Sharing Systems IBM Research IBM Research Report. RC23145, W0403-068 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kaashoek, M.F., Karger, D.R.: Koorde: A Simple Degree-Optimal Distributed Hash Table. In: Presented at Fifteenth annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete Algorithms (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Karger, D.R., Ruhl, M.: Simple Efficient Load Balancing Algorithms for Peer-to-Peer Systems. In: Voelker, G.M., Shenker, S. (eds.) IPTPS 2004. LNCS, vol. 3279, pp. 131–140. Springer, Heidelberg (2005) (presented)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Bruijn, N.D.: A Combinatorial Problem. Koninklijke Nderlandse Akademie van Wetenschapen 49 (1946)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Karger, D.R., Ruhl, M.: Diminished chord: A protocol for heterogeneous subgroup formation in peer-to-peer networks. In: Voelker, G.M., Shenker, S. (eds.) IPTPS 2004. LNCS, vol. 3279, pp. 288–297. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Maymounkov, P., Mazières, D.: Kademlia: A peer-to-peer information system based on the XOR metric. In: Druschel, P., Kaashoek, M.F., Rowstron, A. (eds.) IPTPS 2002. LNCS, vol. 2429, p. 53. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Friese, T., Freisleben, B., Rusitschka, S., Southall, A.: A Framework for Resource Management in Peer-to-Peer Networks. Presented at NetObjectdays 2002 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  21. ns-2, The Network Simulator ns-2 Homepage, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Zöls, S., Schollmeier, R., Kellerer, W., Tarlano, A. (2005). The Hybrid Chord Protocol: A Peer-to-Peer Lookup Service for Context-Aware Mobile Applications. In: Lorenz, P., Dini, P. (eds) Networking - ICN 2005. ICN 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3421. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31957-3_88

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31957-3_88

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-25338-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31957-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics