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When Is Assistance Helpful to Learning? Results in Combining Worked Examples and Intelligent Tutoring

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Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS 2008)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 5091))

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Abstract

When should instruction provide or withhold assistance? In three empirical studies, we have investigated whether worked examples, a high-assistance approach, studied in conjunction with tutored problems to be solved, a mid-level assistance approach, can lead to better learning. Contrary to prior results with untutored problem solving, a low-assistance approach, we found that worked examples alternating with isomorphic tutored problems did not produce more learning gains than tutored problems alone. However, the examples group across the three studies learned more efficiently than the tutored-alone group. Our studies, in conjunction with past studies, suggest that mid-level assistance leads to better learning than either lower or higher level assistance. However, while our results are illuminating, more work is needed to develop predictive theory for what combinations of assistance yield the most effective and efficient learning.

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Beverley P. Woolf Esma Aïmeur Roger Nkambou Susanne Lajoie

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© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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McLaren, B.M., Lim, SJ., Koedinger, K.R. (2008). When Is Assistance Helpful to Learning? Results in Combining Worked Examples and Intelligent Tutoring. In: Woolf, B.P., Aïmeur, E., Nkambou, R., Lajoie, S. (eds) Intelligent Tutoring Systems. ITS 2008. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5091. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69132-7_75

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69132-7_75

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-69130-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69132-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

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