Abstract
Showing termination of the Battle of Hercules and Hydra is a challenge. We present the battle both as a rewrite system and as an arithmetic while program, provide proofs of their termination, and recall why their termination cannot be proved within Peano arithmetic.
The first author’s research was supported in part by the Israel Science Foundation (grant no. 250/05).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Arts, T., Giesl, J.: Termination of term rewriting using dependency pairs. Theor. Comput. Sci. 236, 133–178 (2000)
Baader, F., Nipkow, T.: Term Rewriting and All That. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1998)
Buchholz, W.: An independence result for \(({\Pi^1_1}-\mathrm{CA})+\mathrm{BI}\). Ann. Pure Appl. Logic 33, 131–155 (1987)
Buchholz, W., Cichon, E.A., Weiermann, A.: A uniform approach to fundamental sequences and hierarchies. MLQ Math. Log. Q. 40, 273–286 (1994)
Dershowitz, N.: Orderings for term-rewriting systems. Theor. Comput. Sci. 17(3), 279–301 (1982)
Dershowitz, N.: Trees, ordinals, and termination. In: Gaudel, M.-C., Jouannaud, J.-P. (eds.) CAAP 1993, FASE 1993, and TAPSOFT 1993. LNCS, vol. 668, pp. 243–250. Springer, Heidelberg (1993)
Dershowitz, N.: 33 examples of termination. French Spring School of Theoretical Computer Science. In: Comon, H., Jouannaud, J.-P. (eds.) Advanced Course on Term Rewriting. LNCS, vol. 909, pp. 16–26. Springer, Heidelberg (1995)
Dershowitz, N., Okada, M.: Proof-theoretic techniques for term rewriting theory. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Annual Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, pp. 104–111. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (1988)
Dershowitz, N., Hoot, C.: Natural termination. Theor. Comput. Sci. 142(2), 179–207 (1995)
Dershowitz, N., Jouannaud, J.P.: Rewrite systems (Chap. 6). In: van Leeuwen, J. (ed.) Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science: Formal Methods and Semantics. ch. 6, vol. B, pp. 245–319. Elsevier Science, North-Holland, Amsterdam (1990)
Dershowitz, N., Jouannaud, J.-P., Klop, J.W.: Open problems in rewriting. In: Book, R.V. (ed.) Rewriting Techniques and Applications. LNCS, vol. 488, pp. 445–456. Springer, Heidelberg (1991)
Fairtlough, M.V.H., Wainer, S.S.: Hierarchies of provably recursive functions. In: Buss, S.R. (ed.) Handbook of Proof Theory, pp. 149–207. Elsevier Science, North-Holland, Amsterdam (1998)
Fleischer, R.: Die another day. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference FUN with Algorithms. LNCS, vol. 4475, pp. 146–155. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg (2007), http://www.cs.ust.hk/~rudolf/Paper/hydra_fun07.pdf
Gallier, J. H.: What’s so special about Kruskal’s Theorem and the ordinal Γ0? A survey of some results in proof theory. Ann. Pure Appl. Logic, 53(3), 199–260 (1991); Erratum, Ann. Pure Appl. Logic 89(2–3), 275 (1997). http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA290387 .
Gardner, M.: Mathematical games: Tasks you cannot help finishing no matter how hard you try to block finishing them, Scientific American 24(2), pp. 12–21 (Reprinted in Martin Gardner, The Last Recreations) 27–43, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg (1998)
Giesl, J., Arts, T., Ohlebusch, E.: Modular termination proofs for rewriting using dependency pairs. J. of Symbolic Computation 34, 21–58 (2002)
Goodstein, R.L.: On the restricted ordinal theorem. J. Symbolic Logic 9, 33–41 (1944)
Gries, D.: Is sometimes ever better than alway? ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems 0, 258–265 (1979), http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/357073.357080
Hemelrijk, J.M., Hydriae, C.: American Journal of Archaeology 89(4), 701–703 (1985)
Hirokawa, N., Middeldorp, A.: Dependency pair revisted. In: van Oostrom, V. (ed.) RTA 2004. LNCS, vol. 3091, pp. 249–268. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Hodgson, B. R.: Herculean or Sisyphean tasks. Newsletter of the European Mathematical Society, vol. 51 (2004)
Jech, T.J.: Set Theory. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg (2002)
Jouannaud, J.-P.: Proof and computation. In: Schwichtenberg, H. (ed.) NATO series F: Computer and Systems Sciences, vol. 139, pp. 173–218. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg (1995), http://rewriting.loria.fr/documents/rpac.ps.gz
Kirby, L., Paris, J.: Accessible independence results for Peano arithmetic. Bull. London Mathematical Society 4, 285–293 (1982)
Lepper, I.: Simply terminating rewrite systems with long derivations. Arch. Math. Logic 43, 1–18 (2004)
Lescanne, P.(ed.) Rewriting mailing list. (February 19 2004) https://listes.ens-lyon.fr/wws/arc/rewriting ,
Luccio, F., Pagli, L.: Death of a monster. SIGACT News. 31(4), 130–133 (2000), http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/369836.369904
Marché, C., Zantema, H.: The termination competition. In: Baader, F. (ed.) RTA 2007. LNCS, vol. 4553, Springer, Heidelberg (to appear, 2007)
Moser, G., Weiermann, A.: Relating derivation lengths with the slow-growing hierarchy directly. In: Nieuwenhuis, R. (ed.) RTA 2003. LNCS, vol. 2706, pp. 296–310. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Paris, J., Harrington, L.: A mathematical incompleteness in Peano arithmetic. In: Barwise, J. (ed.) Handbook for Mathematical Logic, North-Holland, Amsterdam (1977)
Penn State College of Information Sciences and Technology. CiteSeer Scientific Literature Digital Library. http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu .
Takeuti, G.: Proof Theory, 2nd edn. North-Holland, Amsterdam (1987)
Terese: Term Rewriting Systems. In: Bezem, M., Klop, J.W., de Vrijer, R. (eds.) Cambridge Tracks in Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 55, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2003)
Touzet, H.: Encoding the Hydra battle as a rewrite system. In: Brim, L., Gruska, J., Zlatuška, J. (eds.) MFCS 1998. LNCS, vol. 1450, pp. 267–276. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Turing, A.M.: Checking a large routine. In: Report of a Conference on High Speed Automatic Calculating Machines, Univ. Math. Lab., pp. 67–69, Cambridge (1949), Reprinted in Morris, F. L., Jones, C. B.: An early program proof by Alan Turing. Annals of the History of Computing, vol. 6, pp. 139–143 (1984), http://www.turingarchive.org/browse.php/B/8
Wainer, S.S.: Ordinal recursion, and a refinement of the extended Grzegorezyk hierarchy. J. Symbolic Logic 37, 281–292 (1972)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dershowitz, N., Moser, G. (2007). The Hydra Battle Revisited. In: Comon-Lundh, H., Kirchner, C., Kirchner, H. (eds) Rewriting, Computation and Proof. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4600. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73147-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73147-4_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-73146-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-73147-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)