Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

A New Implementation for Neural Networks in Fourier-Space

  • Chapter
Foundations of Computational, Intelligence Volume 1

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 201))

Abstract

Neural networks have shown good results for detecting a certain pattern in a given image. In this paper, fast neural networks for pattern detection are presented. Such processors are designed based on cross correlation in the frequency domain between the input image and the input weights of neural networks. This approach is developed to reduce the computation steps required by these fast neural networks for the searching process. The principle of divide and conquer strategy is applied through image decomposition. Each image is divided into small in size sub-images and then each one is tested separately by using a single fast neural processor. Furthermore, faster pattern detection is obtained by using parallel processing techniques to test the resulting sub-images at the same time using the same number of fast neural networks. In contrast to fast neural networks, the speed up ratio is increased with the size of the input image when using fast neural networks and image decomposition.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Klette, R., Zamperon: Handbook of image processing operators. John Wiley & Sonsltd, Chichester (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Rowley, H.A., Baluja, S., Kanade, T.: Neural Network - Based Face Detection. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 20(1), 23–38 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Schneiderman, H., Kanade, T.: Probabilistic modeling of local appearance and spatial relationships for object recognition. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), SantaBarbara, CA, pp. 45–51 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Feraud, R., Bernier, O., Viallet, J.E., Collobert, M.: A Fast and Accurate Face Detector for Indexation of Face Images. In: Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, Grenoble, France, March 28–30 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Zhu, Y., Schwartz, S., Orchard, M.: Fast Face Detection Using Subspace Discriminate Wavelet Features. In: Proc. of IEEE Computer Society International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR 2000), South Carolina, June 13-15, 2000, vol. 1, pp. 1636–1643 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  6. El-Bakry, H.M.: Automatic Human Face Recognition Using Modular Neural Networks. Machine Graphics & Vision Journal (MG&V) 10(1), 47–73 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Srisuk, S., Kurutach, W.: A New Robust Face Detection in Color Images. In: Proc. of IEEE Computer Society International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, Washington D.C., USA, May 20-21, 2002, pp. 306–311 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  8. El-Bakry, H.M.: Face detection using fast neural networks and image decomposition. Neurocomputing Journal 48, 1039–1046 (2002)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. El-Bakry, H.M.: Human Iris Detection Using Fast Cooperative Modular Neural Networks and Image Decomposition. Machine Graphics & Vision Journal (MG&V) 11(4), 498–512 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  10. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: Fast Object/Face Detection Using Neural Networks and Fast Fourier Transform. International Journal of Signal Processing 1(3), 182–187 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  11. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: A Modified Cross Correlation in the Frequency Domain for Fast Pattern Detection Using Neural Networks. International Journal of Signal Processing 1(3), 188–194 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  12. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: Face Detection Using Fast Neural Processors and Image Decomposition. International Journal of Computational Intelligence 1(4), 313–316 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  13. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: Fast Complex Valued Time Delay Neural Networks. International Journal of Computational Intelligence 2(1), 16–26 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  14. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: A Fast Neural Algorithm for Serial Code Detection in a Stream of Sequential Data. International Journal of Information Technology 2(1), 71–90 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  15. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: A New Symmetric Form for Fast Sub-Matrix (Object/Face) Detection Using Neural Networks and FFT. International Journal of Signal Processing (to be published)

    Google Scholar 

  16. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: Fast Pattern Detection Using Normalized Neural Networks and Cross Correlation in the Frequency Domain. EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing (to be published)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ben-Yacoub, S., Fasel, B., Luettin, J.: Fast Face Detection using MLP and FFT. In: Proc. of the Second International Conference on Audio and Video-based Biometric Person Authentication (AVBPA 1999) (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Fasel, B.: Fast Multi-Scale Face Detection. IDIAP-Com 98-04 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ben-Yacoub, S.: Fast Object Detection using MLP and FFT. IDIAP-RR 11, IDIAP (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Cooley, J.W., Tukey, J.W.: An algorithm for the machine calculation of complex Fourier series. Math. Comput. 19, 297–301 (1965)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Lewis, J.P.: Fast Normalized Cross Csorrelation, http://www.idiom.com/~zilla/Papers/nvisionInterface/nip.html

  22. El-Bakry, H.M.: Face detection using fast neural networks and image decomposition. Neurocomputing Journal 48, 1039–1046 (2002)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. El-Bakry, H.M.: Comments on Using MLP and FFT for Fast Object/Face Detection. In: Proc. of IEEE IJCNN 2003, Portland, Oregon, pp. 1284–1288, July 20-24 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  24. El-Bakry, H.M., Stoyan, H.: Fast Neural Networks for Object/Face Detection. In: Proc. of the 30th Anniversary SOFSEM Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, Hotel VZ MERIN, Czech Republic, January 24–30 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  25. El-Bakry, H.M., Stoyan, H.: Fast Neural Networks for Sub-Matrix (Object/Face) Detection. In: Proc. of IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Vancouver, Canada, May 23-26 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  26. El-Bakry, H.M.: Fast Sub-Image Detection Using Neural Networks and Cross Correlation in Frequency Domain. In: Proc. of IS 2004: 14th Annual Canadian Conference on Intelligent Systems, Ottawa, Ontario, June 6-8 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  27. El-Bakry, H.M., Stoyan, H.: Fast Neural Networks for Code Detection in a Stream of Sequential Data. In: Proc. of CIC 2004 International Conference on Communications in Computing, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, June 21-24 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  28. El-Bakry, H.M.: Fast Neural Networks for Object/Face Detection. In: Proc. of 5th International Symposium on Soft Computing for Industry with Applications of Financial Engineering, Sevilla, Andalucia, Spain, June 28 - July 4 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  29. El-Bakry, H.M., Stoyan, H.: A Fast Searching Algorithm for Sub-Image (Object/Face) Detection Using Neural Networks. In: Proc. of the 8th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, Orlando, USA, July 18-21 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  30. El-Bakry, H.M., Stoyan, H.: Fast Neural Networks for Code Detection in Sequential Data Using Neural Networks for Communication Applications. In: Proc. of the First International Conference on Cybernetics and Information Technologies, Systems and Applications: CITSA 2004, Orlando, Florida, USA, July 21-25, 2004, vol. IV, pp. 150–153 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  31. El-bakry, H.M., Abo-elsoud, M.A., Kamel, M.S.: Fast Modular Neural Networks for Human Face Detection. In: Proc. of IEEE-INNS-ENNS International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Como, Italy, July 24-27, 2000, vol. III, pp. 320–324 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  32. El-bakry, H.M.: Fast Iris Detection using Cooperative Modular Neural Nets. In: Proc. of the 6th International Conference on Soft Computing, Japan, October 1-4 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  33. El-Bakry, H.M.: Automatic Human Face Recognition Using Modular Neural Networks. Machine Graphics & Vision Journal (MG&V) 10(1), 47–73 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  34. El-bakry, H.M.: Fast Iris Detection Using Cooperative Modular Neural Networks. In: Proc. of the 5th International Conference on Artificial Neural Nets and Genetic Algorithms, Sydney, Czech Republic, April 22-25, 2001, pp. 201–204 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  35. El-bakry, H.M.: Fast Iris Detection Using Neural Nets. In: Proc. of the 14th Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Canada, May 13-16, 2001, pp. 1409–1415 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  36. El-bakry, H.M.: Human Iris Detection Using Fast Cooperative Modular Neural Nets. In: Proc. of INNS-IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Washington, DC, USA, July 14-19, 2001, pp. 577–582 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  37. El-bakry, H.M.: Human Iris Detection for Information Security Using Fast Neural Nets. In: Proc. of the 5th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, Orlando, Florida, USA, July 22-25 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  38. El-bakry, H.M.: Human Iris Detection for Personal Identification Using Fast Modular Neural Nets. In: Proc. of the 2001 International Conference on Mathematics and Engineering Techniques in Medicine and Biological Sciences, Monte Carlo Resort, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, July 25-28, 2001, pp. 112–118 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  39. El-bakry, H.M.: Human Face Detection Using Fast Neural Networks and Image Decomposition. In: Proc. the fifth International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information & Engineering Systems, Osaka-kyoiku University, Kashiwara City, Japan, September 6-8, 2001, pp. 1330–1334 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  40. El-Bakry, H.M.: Fast Iris Detection for Personal Verification Using Modular Neural Networks. In: Proc. of the International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Dortmund, Germany, October 1-3, 2001, pp. 269–283 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  41. El-bakry, H.M.: Fast Cooperative Modular Neural Nets for Human Face Detection. In: Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Thessaloniki, Greece, October 7-10 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  42. El-Bakry, H.M.: Fast Face Detection Using Neural Networks and Image Decomposition. In: Proc. of the 6th International Computer Science Conference, Active Media Technology, Hong Kong – China, December 18-20, 2001, pp. 205–215 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  43. El-Bakry, H.M.: Face Detection Using Fast Neural Networks and Image Decomposition. In: Proc. of INNS-IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, May 14-19 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  44. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: Fast Normalized Neural Processors For Pattern Detection Based on Cross Correlation Implemented in the Frequency Domain. Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology 38(2), 151–170 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  45. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: A New High Speed Neural Model For Character Recognition Using Cross Correlation and Matrix Decomposition. International Journal of Signal Processing 2(3), 183–202 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  46. El-Bakry, H.M., Zhao, Q.: Speeding-up Normalized Neural Networks For Face/Object Detection. Machine Graphics & Vision Journal (MG&V) 14(1), 29–59 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  47. El-Bakry, H.M., Mastorakis, N.: New Fast Normalized Neural Networks for Pattern Detection. Journal of Image and Vision Computing (to be appeared)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Ishak, K.A., Samad, S.A., Hussian, A., Majlis, B.Y.: A fast and robust face detection using neural networks. In: Proc. of the international Symposium on Information and Communication Technologies, Multimedia University, Putrajaya, Malaysia, October 7-8, vol. 2, pp. 5–8 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Computer Science & Information Systems, Mansoura University, Egypt

    Hazem M. El-Bakry

  2. Mohamed Hamada University of Aizu, Aizu Wakamatsu, Japan

    Mohamed Hamada

Authors
  1. Hazem M. El-Bakry
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohamed Hamada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Business Administration, Quantitative and Information System Department, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5486, 13055, Safat, Kuwait

    Aboul-Ella Hassanien

  2. Center of Excellence for Quantifiable, Quality of Service, Norwegian University of Science & Technology, O.S. Bragstads plass 2E, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Ajith Abraham

  3. Department of Computer and Telecommunications Engineering, University ofWestern Macedonia, Agios Dimitrios Park, 50 100, Kozani, Greece

    Athanasios V. Vasilakos

  4. Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, T6J 2V4, Edmonton,Alberta, Canada

    Witold Pedrycz

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

El-Bakry, H.M., Hamada, M. (2009). A New Implementation for Neural Networks in Fourier-Space. In: Hassanien, AE., Abraham, A., Vasilakos, A.V., Pedrycz, W. (eds) Foundations of Computational, Intelligence Volume 1. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 201. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01082-8_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01082-8_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-01081-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-01082-8

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics