Abstract
We propose a novel approach for on-line signature verification based on building HMM user models by adapting an ergodic Universal Background Model (UBM). State initialization of this UBM is driven by a dynamic signature feature. This approach inherits the properties of the GMM-UBM mechanism, such as minimizing overfitting due to scarcity of user training data and allowing a world-model type of likelihood normalization. This system is experimentally compared to a baseline state-of-the-art HMM-based online signature verification system using two different databases: the well known MCYT-100 corpus and a subset of the signature part of the BIOSECURE-DS2 corpus. The HMM-UBM approach obtains promising results, outperforming the baseline HMM-based system on all the experiments.
This work has been partially supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through project TEC2008-05894.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fiérrez Aguilar, J., Nanni, L., López-Peńalba, J., Ortega García, J., Maltoni, D.: An on-line signature verification system based on fusion of local and global information. In: IEEE International Conference on Audio- and Video-Based Person Authentication, pp. 523–532 (2005)
Richiardi, J., Ketabdar, H., Drygajlo, A.: Local and global feature selection for on-line signature verification. In: Proc. IAPR 8th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR (2005)
Vielhauer, C., Steinmetz, R., Mayerhofer, A.: Biometric hash based on statistical features of online signatures. In: Proceedings of 16th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2002, vol. 1, pp. 123–126 (2002)
Jain, A.K., Griess, F.D., Connell, S.D.: On-line Signature Verification. Pattern Recognition 35(1), 2963 (2002)
Faúndez-Zanuy, M.: On-line signature recognition based on vq-dtw. Pattern Recognition 40(3), 981–992 (2007)
Schimke, S., Vielhauer, C., Dittmann, J.: Using adapted levenshtein distance for on-line signature authentication. In: ICPR (2), pp. 931–934 (2004)
Richiardi, J., Drygajlo, A.: Gaussian mixture models for on-line signature verification. In: Intl. Multimedia Conf., Proc. ACM SIGMM workshop on Biometrics methods and applications, pp. 115–122 (2003)
Fiérrez Aguilar, J., Ortega García, D., Ramos, J.G.: Hmm-based on-line signature verification: Feature extraction and signature modeling. Pattern Recognition Letters 28(16), 2325–2334 (2007)
Van, B.L., Garcia-Salicetti, S., Dorizzi, B.: Fusion of hmm’s likelihood and viterbi path for on-line signature verification. In: European Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 318–331 (2004)
Reynolds, D.A., Quatieri, T.F., Dunn, R.B.: Speaker Verification using Adapted Gaussian Mixture Models. Digital Signal Processing 10, 19–41 (2000)
Ortega, J., et al.: The multi-scenario multi-environment biosecure multimodal database (bmdb). IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2009)
Rabiner, L.R.: A Tutorial on Hidden Markov Models and Selected Applications in Speech Recognition, vol. 77, pp. 257–286. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (1989)
Huang, X., Acero, A., Hon, H.W.: Spoken Language Processing: A Guide to Theory, Algorithm, and System Development. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River (2001)
Martínez Díaz, M., Fiérrez Aguilar, J., Ortega García, J.: Universal background models for dynamic signature verification. In: IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems, pp. 1–6 (2007)
Ortega Garcia, J., Fierrez Aguilar, J., Simon, D., Gonzalez, J., Faundez Zanuy, M., Espinosa, V., Satue, A., Hernaez, I., Igarza, J.-J., Vivaracho, C., Escudero, D., Moro, Q.-I.: Mcyt baseline corpus: a bimodal biometric database. In: IEE Proceedings: Vision, Image and Signal Processing, December 2003, vol. 150, pp. 395–401 (2003)
Wahl, A., Hennebert, J., Humm, A., Ingold, R.: Generation and Evaluation of Brute-Force Signature Forgeries. In: Gunsel, B., Jain, A.K., Tekalp, A.M., Sankur, B. (eds.) MRCS 2006. LNCS, vol. 4105, pp. 2–9. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)
Martin, A., Doddington, G., Kamm, T., Ordowski, M., Przybocki, M.: The DET Curve in Assessment of Detection Task Performance. In: European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, pp. 1895–1898 (1997)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Argones Rúa, E., Pérez-Piñar López, D., Alba Castro, J.L. (2009). Ergodic HMM-UBM System for On-Line Signature Verification. In: Fierrez, J., Ortega-Garcia, J., Esposito, A., Drygajlo, A., Faundez-Zanuy, M. (eds) Biometric ID Management and Multimodal Communication. BioID 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5707. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04391-8_44
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04391-8_44
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-04390-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-04391-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)