Abstract
Global sourcing of IT services is growing consistently over the last decades. Along with this rapid growth, instances of failures, sore relationships or unsatisfactory performances during IT outsourcing engagements are prevalent and require management attention. Over two-thirds of the problems in these unsuccessful engagements arise due to failed or poor transition. Transition is immediately followed by contract signing and precedes service delivery phase. It sets the tone for the entire relationship and involves handover of outsourced services from either the client’s internal IT department or the incumbent service provider. Recently second and third generation outsourcing engagements are coming into existence, with offshoring and multi-sourcing as an integral component of these engagements. Multi-sourcing deals, involving several service providers are emerging and require transition to be implemented in parallel. These developments exacerbate the complexity of transitions due to the presence of multiple service providers and several distributed or offshore locations, thereby further enhancing its bearing on the success of an engagement. What are the Critical Success Factors for parallel transitions? We conducted an initial Delphi study to explore success factors for parallel transitions. The findings highlight the importance of understanding the contractual agreement including transition exit criteria. Also the implementation of a joint steering committee contributes to transition success. All the stakeholders, including representatives of the incumbent service provider(s), should be represented in the steering committee to act responsive. Finally, the findings emphasis the need to manage dependencies between the transitions not limited to time lines and availability of critical resources for knowledge transfer and balancing between business continuity and timely and effective knowledge transfer.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ambrose, C., Matlus, R.: Following Best Practices to Manage Transitions in Outsourcing relationships. Gartner research report, G00124899 (January 4, 2005)
Beulen, E., Ribbers, P.: IT outsourcing contacts: practical implications of the incomplete contract theory. Paper presented at Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences 2003, US (January 2003)
Beulen, E., Ribbers, P., Roos, J.: Managing IT Outsourcing, governance in global partnership. Routledge, Oxon (2006)
Blumenberg, S., Wagner, H., Beimborn, D.: Knowledge transfer processes in IT outsourcing relationships and their impact on shared knowledge and outsourcing performance. International Journal of Information Management 29(5, 10), 342–352 (2009)
Carmel, E.: Global Software Teams: Collaborating Across Borders and Time Zones. Prentice Hall, New Jersey (1999)
Carmel, E., Beulen, E.: Managing the offshore transition. In: Carmel, E., Tjia, P. (eds.) Offshoring Information Technology Sourcing and Outsourcing to a Global Workforce, pp. 130–148. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2005)
Carmel, E., Tjia, P.: Offshoring Information Technology Sourcing and Outsourcing to a Global Workforce. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2005)
Choudhury, V., Sabherwal, R.: Portfolio of Control in Outsourced Software Development Projects. Information Systems Research 14(3), 291–314 (2003)
Chua, A., Pan, S.: Knowledge transfer and organizational learning in IS offshore sourcing. Omega 36(2, 4), 267–281 (2008)
Robinson, M., Iannone, P.: 9 Ways to Avoid Outsourcing Failure, a three-part approach to maximizing the value of an IT outsourcing deal. CIO Magazine (July 5, 2007), http://www.cio.com.au/index.php/id;28653977;pp;1;fp;4;fpid;15 (accessed August 8, 2009)
Cohen, M.D., Bacdayan, P.: Organizational Routines Are Stored as Procedural Memory: Evidence from a Laboratory Study. Organizational Science 5(4), 554–568 (1994)
Cohen, L., Young, A.: Multisourcing: Moving beyond outsourcing to achieve growth and agility. Harvard Business School Press, Boston (2005)
Cullen, S., Willcocks, L.: Intelligent IT outsourcing: eight building blocks to success. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2003)
Currie, W., Willcocks, L.: Analysing four types of IT sourcing decisions in the context of scale, client/supplier interdependency and risk mitigation. Information Systems Journal 8(2, 04), 119–143 (1998)
Cyert, R., March, J.: A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey (1963)
Dalkey, N.: The Delphi method: an experimental study of group opinion, RM-5888-PR, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica CA (1969)
Dalkey, N., Helmer, O.: An experimental application of the Delphi method to use of experts. Management Science 9(3), 458–467 (1963)
van Fenema, P.: Coordination and Control of Globally Distributed Software Projects. PhD. Thesis, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Erasmus Institute of Management Ph.D. Series Research in Management 19 (2002), http://hdl.handle.net/1765/360
Feeny, D., Willcocks, L.: Core IS Capabilities For Exploiting Information Technology. Sloan Management Review 39(9), 9–21 (1998)
Gottschalk, P., Solli-Saether, H.: Managing Successful IT Outsourcing Relationships. IRM Press, Hershey (2006)
Harries, S., Harrison, P.: IT Value: The Challenges of Implementing Portfolio Management. Information Systems Control Journal 1, 22–25 (2009)
Harris, J., Hale, K., Brown, R., Young, A., Morikawa, C.: Outsourcing Worldwide: Forecast Database, ID:ITST-WW-DB-DA03. Gartner (July 2, 2009)
van der Heiden, G., Maurer, W.: Defining operating-level agreements to enhance performance when outsourcing. Gartner research report, G00163282, August 10 (2009)
Hirschheim, R., Heinzl, A., Dibbern, J.: Information Systems Outsourcing, enduring themes, new perspectives and global challenges, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin (2006)
IDC: Worldwide and U.S. IS Outsourcing Services 2009-2013 Forecast, Terrance Strom, IDC, Market Analysis #217341 (March 2009)
Jeffery, M., Leliveld, I.: Best Practices in IT Portfolio Management. MIT Sloan Management Review 45(3), 41–49 (2004)
Lacity, M., Willcocks, L.: IT Outsourcing Relationships: A Stakeholder Perspective. In: Zmud, R. (ed.) Framing the Domains of IT Management Research. Glimpsing The Future Through The Past. Jossey Bass, New York (2000)
Lacity, M., Rottman, J.: Offshore Outsourcing of IT Work: Client and Supplier Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan, New York (2008)
Landeta, J.: Current validity of the Delphi method in social sciences. Technology Forecasting and Social Change 73, 467–482 (2006)
Levina, N., Su, N.: Global multisourcing strategy: the emergence of a supplier portfolio in service offshoring. Decision Sciences 39(3), 541–570 (2008)
Levy, N., Globerson, S.: Improving multi-project management by using a queuing theory approach. Project Management Journal, 40–46 (December 1997)
Lin, L., Geng, X., Whinston, A.: A Sender-Receiver Framework for Knowledge Transfer. Management Information Systems Quarterly 29(2), 197–220 (2005)
Linstone, H., Turoff, K.: The Delphi method: technique and applications. Addison-Wesley, New York (1975)
Lucier, C., Torsiliera, J.: Why knowledge programs fail. Strategy and Business 4, 14–28 (1997)
Mähring, M.: IT Project Governance: A Process Oriented Study of Organizational Control and Executive Involvement. SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Business Administration, No 2002:15, Stockholm, Sweden, http://swoba.hhs.se/hastba/abs/hastba2002_015.htm (assessed January 23, 2010)
Maltus, R.: Understanding outsourcing evaluation, selection and transition costs to lower risk. Gartner research note, G00167572 (May 11, 2009)
Okoli, C., Pawlowski, S.: The Delphi method as a research tool: an example, design considerations and applications. Information Management 42(1), 15–29 (2004)
Oshri, I., Kotlarsky, J., Willcocks, L.: Managing Dispersed Expertise in IT Offshore Outsourcing. Management Information Systems Quarterly Executive 16(2), 53–65 (2007)
Payne, J.: Managing of multiple simultaneous projects: a state of the art review. International Journal of Project Management 13(3), 163–168 (1995)
Pultz, J., Scott, D., Cappuccio, D., Coyle, D., Adams, P.: Recommendations from IT I&O leaders workshop. Gartner publication, G00166045 (April 16, 2009)
Ridder, F.: How to achieve efficient and effective multisourcing. Gartner research note, G00168520 (June 23, 2009)
Ridder, F., van der Heiden, G., Maurer, W.: Optimizing your investments in people, processes and technology for more-mature multi sourcing capabilities. Gartner research note, G00169420 (August 3, 2009)
Ross, C., Pohlmann, T., Ester, O.: Confronting Outsourcing Myths, Forrester research report, December 13 (2005)
Ruggles, R.: The state of the notion: knowledge management in practice. California Management Review 40(3), 80–89 (1998)
Schmidt, R.: Managing Delphi survey using nonparametric statistical techniques. Decision Sciences 28(3), 763–774 (Summer, 1997)
Sharma, A.: Challenges with multi sourcing, IDC report, # AU22120RQ (January 2009)
Tiwari, V., Beulen, E., van Heck, E.: Understanding Transition During Offshore Outsourcing: Factor Model of Transition Performance. In: Proceedings of Global Sourcing conference 2009, US (2009)
Sparrow, E.: Successful IT Outsourcing: From Choosing a Provider to Managing the Project. Springer, London (2003)
Szulanski, G.: Exploring internal stickiness: Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm. Strategic Management Journal 17, 27–43 (1996)
Tirole, J.: The industry of organizations. MIT Press, Cambridge (1989)
Tiwari, V.: Transition During Offshore Outsourcing: A Process Model. In: Proceedings of the ICIS 2009, Phoenix, Arizona (2009)
Ward, J., Peppard, J.: Strategic Planning for Information Systems, 3rd edn. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (2002)
Wareham, J., Bjoern-Andersen, N., Neergaard, P.: Reinterpreting the demise of hierarchy: a case study in information technology, empowerment and incomplete contracts. Information Systems Journal 8(4, 10), 257–272 (1998)
Willcocks, L., Lacity, M.: Information Systems and Outsourcing: Studies in Theory and Practice. Palgrave Macmillan, New York (2008)
Williams, C.: Transfer in context: Replication and adaptation in knowledge transfer. Strategic Management Journal 28(9), 867–889 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Beulen, E., Tiwari, V. (2010). Parallel Transitions in IT Outsourcing: Making It Happen. In: Oshri, I., Kotlarsky, J. (eds) Global Sourcing of Information Technology and Business Processes. Global Sourcing 2010. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol 55. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15417-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15417-1_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-15416-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-15417-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)