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Dialyzer Structure and Membrane Biocompatibility

  • Chapter
Modelling and Control of Dialysis Systems

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 404))

Abstract

The objectives of this chapter are to provide an overview of the dialyzer structure with emphasis on advances in dialyzer performance and novel design features. This is followed by an in-depth review of the various biomaterials used for dialyzer membranes, namely unsubstituted cellulose, substituted or modified cellulose and synthetic polymers, with a discussion of their physical, chemical and biological properties. Key features of biocompatibility of dialyzer membranes including activation of the complement system and coagulation cascade, and activation of platelets and leukocytes are then discussed. Emphasis is given to the clinical relevance of dialysis membrane biocompatibility and specific syndromes are highlighted including hemodialysis-induced hypoxemia, dialyzer reactions, β 2-microglobulin deposition, protein catabolism, susceptibility to infection due to immune dysfunction, and survival of patients with kidney failure.

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  1. School of Medicine Klinikum Coburg, Medicine Tufts University, Coburg, Germany

    Orfeas Liangos

  2. Department of Medicine, Medicine St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center, Boston, USA

    Bertrand L. Jaber

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  1. Orfeas Liangos
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    Ahmad Taher Azar

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Liangos, O., Jaber, B.L. (2013). Dialyzer Structure and Membrane Biocompatibility. In: Azar, A. (eds) Modelling and Control of Dialysis Systems. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 404. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27458-9_9

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