Skip to main content

Calibrating a Multi-arm Multi-sensor Robot: A Bundle Adjustment Approach

  • Chapter
Experimental Robotics

Part of the book series: Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics ((STAR,volume 79))

Abstract

Complex robots with multiple arms and sensors need good calibration to perform precise tasks in unstructured environments. The sensors must be calibrated both to the manipulators and to each other, since fused sensor data is often needed. We propose an extendable framework that combines measurements from the robot’s various sensors (proprioceptive and external) to calibrate the robot’s joint offsets and external sensor locations. Our approach is unique in that it accounts for sensor measurement uncertainties, thereby allowing sensors with very different error characteristics to be used side by side in the calibration. The framework is general enough to handle complex robots with kinematic components, including external sensors on kinematic chains. We validate the framework by implementing it on the Willow Garage PR2 robot, providing a significant improvement in the robot’s calibration.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. An, C.H., Atkeson, C.G., Hollerbach, J.M.: Model-based control of a robot manipulator. MIT Press, Cambridge (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Arun, K.S., Huang, T.S., Blostein, S.D.: Least-squares fitting of two 3-d point sets. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 9(5), 698–700 (1987), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.1987.4767965

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bowman, J.: Camera calibration, http://www.ros.org/wiki/camera_calibration

  4. Bradski, G.: The OpenCV Library. Dr. Dobb’s Journal of Software Tools (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, I.M., Yang, G., Tan, C.T., Yeo, S.H.: Local poe model for robot kinematic calibration. Mechanism and Machine Theory 36(11-12), 1215–1239 (2001), doi:10.1016/S0094-114X(01)00048-9

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. Daniilidis, K.: Hand-eye calibration using dual quaternions. International Journal of Robotics Research 18, 286–298 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hollerbach, J.M., Wampler, C.W.: The calibration index and taxonomy for robot kinematic calibration methods. Int. J. Rob. Res. 15(6), 573–591 (1996), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027836499601500604

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Horaud, R., Dornaika, F.: Hand-eye calibration. Int. J. Rob. Res. 14(3), 195–210 (1995), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027836499501400301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Jones, E., Oliphant, T., Peterson, P., et al.: SciPy: Open source scientific tools for Python (2001), http://www.scipy.org/

  10. Le, Q., Ng, A.: Joint calibration of multiple sensors. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 3651–3658 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lorsakul, A., Suthakorn, J., Sinthanayothin, C.: Point-cloud-to-point-cloud technique on tool calibration for dental implant surgical path tracking, p. 691829. SPIE (2008), doi:10.1117/12.772257

    Google Scholar 

  12. Meeussen, W., Wise, M., Glaser, S., Chitta, S., McGann, C., Mihelich, P., Marder-Eppstein, E., Muja, M., Eruhimov, V., Foote, T., Hsu, J., Rusu, R.B., Marthi, B., Bradski, G., Konolige, K., Gerkey, B., Berger, E.: Autonomous door opening and plugging in with a personal robot. In: International Conference on Robotics and Automation (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Sturm, J., Pradeep, V., Stachniss, C., Plagemann, C., Konolige, K., Burgard, W.: Learning kinematic models for articulated objects. In: Proc. of the Int. Conf.  on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Svoboda, T., Martinec, D., Pajdla, T.: A convenient multi-camera self-calibration for virtual environments. PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 14(4), 407–422 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Triggs, B., McLauchlan, P.F., Hartley, R.I., Fitzgibbon, A.W.: Bundle Adjustment – A Modern Synthesis. In: Triggs, B., Zisserman, A., Szeliski, R. (eds.) ICCV-WS 1999. LNCS, vol. 1883, pp. 298–372. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Unnikrishnan, R., Hebert, M.: Fast extrinsic calibration of a laser rangefinder to a camera. Tech. Rep. CMU-RI-TR-05-09, Robotics Institute, Pittsburgh, PA (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Wampler, C.W., Hollerbach, J.M., Arai, T.: An implicit loop method for kinematic calibration and its application to closed-chain mechanisms. IEEE Trans. Robotics and Automation 11(5), 710–724 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Wyrobek, K., Berger, E., der Loos, H.V., Salisbury, K.: Towards a personal robotics development platform: Rationale and design of an intrinsically safe personal robot. In: Proc. International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ICRA (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Zhang, Q.: Extrinsic calibration of a camera and laser range finder. In: IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 2301–2306 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vijay Pradeep .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pradeep, V., Konolige, K., Berger, E. (2014). Calibrating a Multi-arm Multi-sensor Robot: A Bundle Adjustment Approach. In: Khatib, O., Kumar, V., Sukhatme, G. (eds) Experimental Robotics. Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics, vol 79. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28572-1_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28572-1_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-28571-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-28572-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics