Abstract
Ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms have proved to be able to adapt to dynamic optimization problems (DOPs) when they are enhanced to maintain diversity and transfer knowledge. Several approaches have been integrated with ACO to improve its performance for DOPs. Among these integrations, the ACO algorithm with immigrants schemes has shown good results on the dynamic travelling salesman problem. In this paper, we investigate ACO algorithms to solve a more realistic DOP, the dynamic vehicle routing problem (DVRP) with traffic factors. Random immigrants and elitism-based immigrants are applied to ACO algorithms, which are then investigated on different DVRP test cases. The results show that the proposed ACO algorithms achieve promising results, especially when elitism-based immigrants are used.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bonabeau, E., Dorigo, M., Theraulaz, G.: Swarm Intelligence: From Natural to Artificial Systems. Oxford University Press, New York (1999)
Dorigo, M., Maniezzo, V., Colorni, A.: Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents. IEEE Trans. on Syst. Man and Cybern. Part B: Cybern. 26(1), 29–41 (1996)
Dorigo, M., Stützle, T.: Ant Colony Optimization. The MIT Press, London (2004)
Eyckelhof, C.J., Snoek, M.: Ant Systems for a Dynamic TSP. In: ANTS 2002: Proc. of the 3rd Int. Workshop on Ant Algorithms, pp. 88–99 (2002)
Gambardella, L.M., Taillard, E., Agazzi, G.: MACS-VRPTW: A multiple ant colony system for vehicle routing problems with time windows. In: Corne, D., et al. (eds.) New Ideas in Optimization, pp. 63–76 (1999)
Guntsch, M., Middendorf, M.: Applying Population Based ACO to Dynamic Optimization Problems. In: Dorigo, M., Di Caro, G.A., Sampels, M. (eds.) Ant Algorithms 2002. LNCS, vol. 2463, pp. 111–122. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)
Guntsch, M., Middendorf, M.: Pheromone Modification Strategies for Ant Algorithms Applied to Dynamic TSP. In: Boers, E.J.W., Gottlieb, J., Lanzi, P.L., Smith, R.E., Cagnoni, S., Hart, E., Raidl, G.R., Tijink, H. (eds.) EvoIASP 2001, EvoWorkshops 2001, EvoFlight 2001, EvoSTIM 2001, EvoCOP 2001, and EvoLearn 2001. LNCS, vol. 2037, pp. 213–222. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Tao, G., Michalewicz, Z.: Inver-over Operator for the TSP. In: Eiben, A.E., Bäck, T., Schoenauer, M., Schwefel, H.-P. (eds.) PPSN 1998. LNCS, vol. 1498, pp. 803–812. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Jin, Y., Branke, J.: Evolutionary optimization in uncertain environments - a survey. IEEE Trans. on Evol. Comput. 9(3), 303–317 (2005)
Labbe, M., Laporte, G., Mercure, H.: Capacitated vehicle routing on trees. Operations Research 39(4), 616–622 (1991)
Mavrovouniotis, M., Yang, S.: Ant Colony Optimization with Immigrants Schemes in Dynamic Environments. In: Schaefer, R., Cotta, C., Kołodziej, J., Rudolph, G. (eds.) PPSN XI. LNCS, vol. 6239, pp. 371–380. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Mavrovouniotis, M., Yang, S.: Memory-Based Immigrants for Ant Colony Optimization in Changing Environments. In: Di Chio, C., Cagnoni, S., Cotta, C., Ebner, M., Ekárt, A., Esparcia-Alcázar, A.I., Merelo, J.J., Neri, F., Preuss, M., Richter, H., Togelius, J., Yannakakis, G.N. (eds.) EvoApplications 2011, Part I. LNCS, vol. 6624, pp. 324–333. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Montemanni, R., Gambardella, L., Rizzoli, A., Donati, A.: Ant colony system for a dynamic vehicle routing problem. Journal of Combinatorial Optimization 10(4), 327–343 (2005)
Psaraftis, H.: Dynamic vehicle routing: status and prospects. Annals of Operations Research 61, 143–164 (1995)
Rizzoli, A.E., Montemanni, R., Lucibello, E., Gambardella, L.M.: Ant colony optimization for real-world vehicle routing problems - from theory to applications. Swarm Intelli. 1(2), 135–151 (2007)
Yang, S.: Genetic algorithms with memory and elitism based immigrants in dynamic environments. Evol. Comput. 16(3), 385–416 (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mavrovouniotis, M., Yang, S. (2012). Ant Colony Optimization with Immigrants Schemes for the Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem. In: Di Chio, C., et al. Applications of Evolutionary Computation. EvoApplications 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7248. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29178-4_52
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29178-4_52
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-29177-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-29178-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)