Skip to main content

Hiding Signatures in Variable Names

  • Conference paper
Trustworthy Computing and Services (ISCTCS 2012)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 320))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

With the development of software technology, the copyright of the software is increasingly important. One aspect is the copyright of the source code. This paper proposed a new algorithm named HSVN (hiding signatures in variable names) to hide the copyright signature or watermark in the source code. It belongs to the static watermark. The basic idea of HSVN algorithm is adding signature bytes into the variable names which are located by random sequence, and the difference between the alongside two chars of the specific variable name is the hidden signature byte. HSVN Algorithm can hide the signature more easily and more invisibly. Moreover, it can hide a large amount of information with little redundancy added to the program.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Swanson, M.D., Kobayashi, M., Tewfik, A.H.: Multimedia Data-embedding and Watermarking Technologies. Proc. of the IEEE 86(6), 1054–1087 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Collberg, C.S., Thomborson, C.: Watermarking,Tamper-proofing, and Obfuscation-tools for Software Protection. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 28, 735–746 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Hamilton, J., Danicic, S.: A Survey of Static Software Watermarking. In: Internet Security, pp. 100–107 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Dai, P., Wang, C., Yu, Z., Yue, Y., Wang, J.: A Software Watermark Based Architecture for Cloud Security. In: Sheng, Q.Z., Wang, G., Jensen, C.S., Xu, G. (eds.) APWeb 2012. LNCS, vol. 7235, pp. 270–281. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Chroni, M., Nikolopoulos, S.D.: Encoding Watermark Numbers as Cographs using Self-inverting Permutations. In: 12th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies, pp. 142–148 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang, S., Zhu, G., Wang, Y.: A Strategy of Software Protection based on Multi-watermarking Embedding. In: 2nd International Conference on Control, Instrumentation and Automation, pp. 444–447 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Collberg, C.S., Thomborson, C.: On the Limits of Software Watermarking. Technical Report. 164 (August 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Davidson, R.I., Myhrvold, N.: Method and System for Generating and Auditing a Signature for a Computer Program (September 1996)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Holmes, K.: Computer Software Protection. International Business Machines Corporation (February 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Samson, P.R.: Apparatus and Method for Serializing and Validating Copies of Computer Software (February 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Qu, G., Potkonjak, M.: Analysis of Watermarking Techniques for Graph Coloring Problem. In: Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-aided Design, pp. 190–193 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Myles, G., Collberg, C.S.: Software Watermarking Through Register Allocation: Implementation, Analysis, and Attacks. In: Lim, J.-I., Lee, D.-H. (eds.) ICISC 2003. LNCS, vol. 2971, pp. 274–293. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Collberg, C.S., Thomborson, C.: Software Watermarking: Models and Dynamic Embeddings. In: Conference Record of the Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, pp. 311–324 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Collberg, C.S., Huntwork, A., Carter, E., Townsend, G.: Graph Theoretic Software Watermarks: Implementation, Analysis, and Attacks. In: Fridrich, J. (ed.) IH 2004. LNCS, vol. 3200, pp. 192–207. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Venkatesan, R., Vazirani, V.V., Sinha, S.: A Graph Theoretic Approach to Software Watermarking. In: Moskowitz, I.S. (ed.) IH 2001. LNCS, vol. 2137, pp. 157–168. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Collberg, C.S., Huntwork, A., Carter, E., Townsend, G.: Graph Theoretic Software Watermarks: Implementation, Analysis, and Attacks. In: Fridrich, J. (ed.) IH 2004. LNCS, vol. 3200, pp. 192–207. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Shirali-Shahreza, M., Shirali-Shahreza, S.: Software Watermarking by Equation Reordering. In: 3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies: From Theory to Applications, ICTTA (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Asmuth, C., Bloom, J.: AModular Approach to Key Safeguarding. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory IT-29, 208–210 (1983)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Myers, A.C., Liskow, B.: Protecting Privacy Using the Decentralized Label Model. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology 9(4), 410–442 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Su, Y., Liu, J., Li, D. (2013). Hiding Signatures in Variable Names. In: Yuan, Y., Wu, X., Lu, Y. (eds) Trustworthy Computing and Services. ISCTCS 2012. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 320. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35795-4_42

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35795-4_42

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-35794-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35795-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics