Skip to main content

Solving Games Using Incremental Induction

  • Conference paper
Integrated Formal Methods (IFM 2013)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 7940))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Recently, IC3 has been presented as a new algorithm for formal verification. Based on incremental induction, it is often much faster compared to otherwise used fixpoint-based model checking algorithms. In this paper, we use the idea of incremental induction for solving two-player concurrent games. While formal verification requires to prove that a given system satisfies a given specification, game solving aims at automatically synthesizing a system to satisfy the specification. This involves both universal (player 1) and existential quantification (player 2) over the formulas that represent state transitions. Hence, algorithms for solving games are usually implemented with BDD packages that offer both kinds of quantification. In this paper, we show how to compute a solution of games by using incremental induction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Biere, A., Cimatti, A., Clarke, E., Zhu, Y.: Symbolic model checking without BDDs. In: Cleaveland, W.R. (ed.) TACAS 1999. LNCS, vol. 1579, pp. 193–207. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Bloem, R., Cimatti, A., Greimel, K., Hofferek, G., Könighofer, R., Roveri, M., Schuppan, V., Seeber, R.: RATSY – A new requirements analysis tool with synthesis. In: Touili, T., Cook, B., Jackson, P. (eds.) CAV 2010. LNCS, vol. 6174, pp. 425–429. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Bloem, R., Galler, S., Jobstmann, B., Piterman, N., Pnueli, A., Weiglhofer, M.: Specify, compile, run: Hardware from PSL. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS), vol. 190, pp. 3–16 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bradley, A.R.: SAT-based model checking without unrolling. In: Jhala, R., Schmidt, D. (eds.) VMCAI 2011. LNCS, vol. 6538, pp. 70–87. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Bradley, A.R.: IC3 and beyond: Incremental, inductive verification. In: Madhusudan, P., Seshia, S.A. (eds.) CAV 2012. LNCS, vol. 7358, pp. 4–4. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Eén, N., Mishchenko, A., Brayton, R.: Efficient implementation of property directed reachability. In: Bjesse, P., Slobodová, A. (eds.) Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD), pp. 125–134. IEEE Computer Society, Austin (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Filiot, E., Jin, N., Raskin, J.-F.: Compositional algorithms for LTL synthesis. In: Bouajjani, A., Chin, W.-N. (eds.) ATVA 2010. LNCS, vol. 6252, pp. 112–127. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Grumberg, O., Schuster, A., Yadgar, A.: Memory efficient all-solutions SAT solver and its application for reachability analysis. In: Hu, A.J., Martin, A.K. (eds.) FMCAD 2004. LNCS, vol. 3312, pp. 275–289. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Grädel, E., Thomas, W., Wilke, T. (eds.): Automata, Logics, and Infinite Games. LNCS, vol. 2500. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Janota, M., Marques-Silva, J.: Abstraction-based algorithm for 2QBF. In: Sakallah, K.A., Simon, L. (eds.) SAT 2011. LNCS, vol. 6695, pp. 230–244. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Jobstmann, B.: Applications and Optimizations for LTL Synthesis. PhD thesis, IST – Institute for Software Technology, TU Graz, Graz, Austria (February 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  12. McMillan, K.L.: Interpolation and SAT-based model checking. In: Hunt Jr., W.A., Somenzi, F. (eds.) CAV 2003. LNCS, vol. 2725, pp. 1–13. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Nopper, T., Scholl, C.: Approximate symbolic model checking for incomplete designs. In: Hu, A.J., Martin, A.K. (eds.) FMCAD 2004. LNCS, vol. 3312, pp. 290–305. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Rosner, R.: Modular Synthesis of Reactive Systems. PhD thesis, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Rehovot, Israel (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Schewe, S., Finkbeiner, B.: Bounded synthesis. In: Namjoshi, K.S., Yoneda, T., Higashino, T., Okamura, Y. (eds.) ATVA 2007. LNCS, vol. 4762, pp. 474–488. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Sohail, S., Somenzi, F., Ravi, K.: A hybrid algorithm for LTL games. In: Logozzo, F., Peled, D.A., Zuck, L.D. (eds.) VMCAI 2008. LNCS, vol. 4905, pp. 309–323. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Somenzi, F.: Binary decision diagrams. In: Broy, M., Steinbrüggen, R. (eds.) Calculational System Design. NATO Science Series F: Computer and Systems Sciences, vol. 173, pp. 303–366. IOS Press (1999)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Morgenstern, A., Gesell, M., Schneider, K. (2013). Solving Games Using Incremental Induction. In: Johnsen, E.B., Petre, L. (eds) Integrated Formal Methods. IFM 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7940. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38613-8_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38613-8_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-38612-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-38613-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics