Abstract
Allometry, in general biology, measures the relative growth of a part in relation to the whole living organism. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is the heart adaptation to excessive load (systolic or diastolic) that leads to an increase in left ventricular mass, which in turn, raises the electrocardiographic voltages. If this mass increase followed an allometric law, then it would be possible to design a bioinspired model based on the allometric equation to predict LVH. In this work, we first investigated the validity of this hypothesis and then proposed an LVH marker based on the inverse allometry model. Based on clinical data, we compared the allometric behavior of three different ECG markers of LVH. To do this, the allometric fit AECG = δ + β(VM) relating left ventricular mass (estimated from echocardiographic data) and ECG amplitudes (expressed as the Cornell-Voltage, Sokolow and the ECG overall voltage indexes) were compared. Besides, sensitivity and specificity for each index were analyzed. The more sensitive the ECG criteria, the better the allometric fit. Finally, the Receiver Characteristic Curve (ROC) of an allometric model proposed here was computed. In conclusion: The allometric paradigm should be regarded as the way to design new and more sensitive ECG-based LVH markers.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Lindstedt, S.L., Schaeffer, P.: Use of allometry in predicting anatomical and physiological parameters of mammals. Laboratory Animals 36, 1–19 (2002)
Lindstedt, S.L., Miller, B., Buskirk, S.: Home range, time, and body size in mammals. Ecology 67(2), 413–418 (1986)
Noujaim, S.F., Lucca, E., Muñoz, V., Persaud, D., Berenfeld, O., Meijler, F.L., Jalife, J.: From mouse to whale: A universal scaling relation for the PR interval of the electrocardiogram of mammals. Circulation 110, 2801–2808 (2004)
Bonomini, M.P., Arini, P.D., Gonzalez, G., Buchholz, B., Valentinuzzi, M.E.: The allometric model in chronic myocardial infarction. Theoretical Biology and Medical modeling, epub. 9, 15 (2012)
Bonomini, M.P., Arini, P.D., Valentinuzzi, M.E.: Probability of ventricular fibrillation: allometric model based on the ST deviation. Biomed. Eng. Online 10(2) (January 13, 2011)
MacFarlane, P.W., Lawrie, T.D. (eds.): Comprehensive Electrocardiography: Theory and Practice in Health and Disease. Pergamon Press, Oxford (1998)
Hsieh, B.P., Pham, M.X., Froelicher, V.F.: Prognostic value of electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy. Am Heart J. 150(1), 161–167 (2005)
Hancock, W., Deal, B., Mirvis, D., Okin, P., Kligfield, P., Gettes, L.: Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram. Journal of the American College 53(11) (2009)
Casale, P., Devereux, R., Kligfield, P., Eisenberg, R.R., Miller, D.H., Chaudhary, B.S., Phillips, M.C.: Electrocardiographic detection of left ventricular hypertrophy: development and prospective validation of improved criteria. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 6, 572–580 (1985)
Levy, D., Savage, D., Garrison, R.J., Anderson, K.M., Kannel, W.B., Castelli, W.P.: Echocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy: the Framingham Heart Study. Am J. Cardiol. 59, 956–960 (1987)
Siegel, R.J., Roberts, R.W.: Electrocardiographic observations in severe aortic valve stenosis: correlative necropsy study to clinical, hemodynamic, and ECG variables demonstrating relation to 12-lead QRS amplitude to peak systolic transaortic pressure gradient. Am. Heart J. 103(2), 210–221 (1982)
Sokolow, M., Lyon, T.P.: The ventricular complex in left ventricular hypertrophy as obtained by unipolar and limb leads. Am. Heart J. 38(2), 273–294 (1949)
Troy, B.L., Pombo, J., Rackley, C.E.: Measurement of left ventricular wall thickness and mass by echocardiography. Circulation 45(3), 602–611 (1972)
Devereux, R.B., Reichek, N.: Echocardiographic determination of left ventricular mass in man. Anatomic Validation of the Method Circulation 55(4), 613–618 (1977)
Foppa, M., Duncan, B., Rohde, L.: Echocardiography-based left ventricular mass estimation. How should we define hypertrophy? Cardiovasc Ultrasound 3, 3–17 (2005)
Snell, O.: Die Abhängigkeit des Hirngewichtes von dem Körpergewicht und den geistigen Fähigkeiten (Dependence of brain weight on body weight and the intellectual capacity). Arch. Psychiatr. u Nervenkr. 23, 436–446 (1891)
Von Bertalanffy, L.: Quantitative laws in metabolism and growth. Quaterly Review Biology 32(3) (1957)
Altman, D.: Statistics in medical journals: developments in the 1980s. Stat. Med. 10(12), 1897–1913 (1991)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bonomini, M.P., Ingallina, F., Barone, V., Arini, P.D. (2013). Inverse Allometry: Foundations for a Bioinspired LVH-Prediction Model. In: Ferrández Vicente, J.M., Álvarez Sánchez, J.R., de la Paz López, F., Toledo Moreo, F.J. (eds) Natural and Artificial Models in Computation and Biology. IWINAC 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7930. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38637-4_36
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38637-4_36
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-38636-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-38637-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)