Abstract
There is much interest in characterizing the variations in feldspar structures because of the abundance and importance of feldspars in petrologic processes and also due to their general significance in mineralogical studies of exsolution and polymorphism, especially order-disorder. With the appearance of new analytical and rapid methods of X-ray crystallographic study and computational techniques, the significance of feldspars in igneous and metamorphic rocks has increased tremendously. In this paper methods for estimation of structrural state of alkali feldspars is reviewed and discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Smith, J.V.: Feldspar minerals. Crystal Structure and Physical Properties, vol. 1, p. 627. Springer, Berlin (1974a)
Smith, J.V.: Feldspar minerals. Chemical and Textural Properties, vol. 2, p. 690. Springer, Berlin (1974b)
Smith, J.V., Brown, W.L.: Feldspar minerals. Crystal Structures, Physical, Chemical and Microtextural Properties,vol. 1, Second revised and extended edition, p. 828. Springer, Berlin (1988)
Barth, T.F.W.: Feldspars, p. 261. John Wiley, New York (1969)
Laves, F.: Phase relations of the alkali feldspars I and II. J. Geol. 60(436–450), 549–574 (1952)
Jowhar, T.N.: AFEL, a fortran IV computer program for calculating lattice parameters and distribution of aluminium in tetrahedral sites of alkali feldspars. Comput. Geosci. 7, 407–413 (1981)
Jowhar, T.N.: Determination of lattice parameters and structural state of alkali feldspars—a rapid X-ray diffraction method. Indian J. Earth Sci. 16, 173–177 (1989)
Jowhar, T.N.: Crystal parameters of K-feldspar and geothermometry of Badrinath crystalline complex, Himalaya, India. Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Abh. 166, 325–342 (1994)
Jowhar, T.N.: Refinement of the alkali feldspar-muscovite geothermometer and its application to the Badrinath crystalline complex, Himalaya, India. Indian Mineral. 32, 7–20 (1998)
Jowhar, T.N.: Geobarometric constraints on the depth of emplacement of granite from the Ladakh batholith, northwest Himalaya, India. J. Mineral. Petrol. Sci. 96, 256–264 (2001)
Jowhar, T.N., Verma, P.K.: Alkali feldspars from the Badrinath crystalline complex and their bearing on the Himalayan metamorphism. Indian Mineral. 29, 1–12 (1995)
Kaur, M., Chamyal, L.S., Sharma, N., Jowhar, T.N.: Geothermometry of the granitoids of eastern higher kumaun Himalaya, India. J. Geolog. Soc. India 53, 211–217 (1999)
Pandey, P., Rawat, R.S., Jowhar, T.N.: Structural state transformation in alkali feldspar: evidence for post-crystallisation deformation from a proterozoic granite kumaun Himalaya, India. J. Asian Earth Sci. 25, 611–620 (2005)
Phillips, M.W., Ribbe, P.H.: The structures of monoclinic potassium-rich feldspars. Am. Mineral. 58, 263–270 (1973)
Smith, J.V., Bailey, S.W.: Second review of Al-O and Si-O tetrahedral distances. Acta Crystallogr. 16, 801–811 (1963)
Jones, J.B.: Al-O and Si-O tetrahedral distances in alumino-silicate framework structures. Acta Crystallogr. B24, 355–358 (1968)
Ribbe, P.H., Gibbs, G.V.: Statistical analysis and discussion of mean Al/Si-O bond distances and the aluminium content of tetrahedra in feldspars. Am. Mineral. 54, 85–94 (1969)
Wright, T.L.: X-ray and optical study of alkali feldspar: II. An X-ray method for determining the composition and structural state from measurement of \(2\theta \) values for three reflections. Am. Mineral. 53, 88–104 (1968)
Mackenzie, W.S.: The orthoclase-microcline inversion. Mineral. Mag. 30, 354–366 (1954)
Goldsmith, J.R., Laves, F.: The microcline-sanidine stability relations. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 5, 1–19 (1954)
Christie, O.H.J.: Feldspar structure and equilibrium between plagioclase and epidote. Am. J. Sci. 260, 149–153 (1962)
Ragland, P.C.: Composition and structural state of the potassic phase in perthites as related to petrogenesis of a granitic pluton. Lithos 3, 167–189 (1970)
Kroll, H.: Determination of Al. Si distribution in alkali feldspars from X-ray powder data. Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Monatsh. 91–94 (1971)
Kroll, H.: Estimation of the Al, Si distribution of feldspars from the lattice translations Tr \(\left[ 110 \right]\) and Tr \(\left[ {1\bar{{1}}0} \right]\). I. alkali feldspars. Contrib. Miner. Petrol. 39, 141–156 (1973)
Kroll, H.: Estimation of the Al, Si distribution of alkali feldspars from the lattice translations Tr \(\left[ 110 \right]\) and Tr \(\left[ {1{\bar{1}}0} \right]\). Revised diagrams. Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Monatsh., 31–36 (1980)
Stewart, D.B., Wright, T.L.: Al/Si order and symmetry of natural alkali feldspars and the relationship of strained cell parameters to bulk composition. Bull. Soc. Franc. Miner. Cristall. 97, 356–377 (1974)
Kroll, H., Ribbe, P. H.: Lattice parameters, composition and Al, Si order in alkali feldspars. In: Ribbe, P. H. (ed.) Feldspar Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America, Reviews in Mineralogy, vol. 2, Second Edition, pp. 57–99 (1983)
Mackenzie, W.S., Smith, J.V.: The alkali feldspars I. orthoclase-microperthites. Am. Mineral. 40, 707–732 (1955)
Smith, J. V.: Cell dimensions \(\text{ b }^{\ast },\text{ c }^{\ast },{\alpha }^{\ast }, {\gamma }^{\ast }\) of alkali feldspar permit qualitative estimates of Si, Al ordering: albite ordering process (Abstract), Geological Society of America Meeting, Mexico, p. 283 (1968)
Stewart, D.B., Ribbe, P.H.: Structural explanation for variations in cell parameters of alkali feldspar with Al/Si ordering. Am. J. Sci. 267–A, 444–462 (1969)
Blasi, A.: Different behaviour of \({\Delta (bc)}\) and \({\Delta (b^{{\ast }}\text{ c }^{\ast })}\) in alkali feldspar. Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Abh. 138, 109–121 (1980)
Kroll, H., Ribbe, P.H.: Determining (Al, Si) distribution and strain in alkali feldspars using lattice parameters and diffraction peak positions: a review. Am. Mineral. 72, 491–506 (1987)
Wright, T.L., Stewart, D.B.: X-ray and optical study of alkali feldspar: I. Determination of composition and structural state from refined unit-cell parameters and 2V. Am. Mineral. 53, 38–87 (1968)
Orville, P.M.: Unit-cell parameters of the microcline-low albite and the sanidine-high albite solid solution series. Am. Mineral. 52, 55–86 (1967)
Ribbe, P.H., Gibbs, G.V.: Statistical analysis of Al/Si distribution in feldspars. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 11, 229–230 (1967)
Thompson Jr, J.B., Hovis, G.L.: Triclinic feldspars: angular relations and the representation of feldspar Series. Am. Mineral. 63, 981–990 (1978)
Thompson Jr, J.B.: Chemical reactions in crystals. Am. Mineral. 54, 341–375 (1969)
Jowhar, T.N.: Computer programs for P-T calculations and construction of phase diagrams: Use of TWQ, WEBINVEQ and THERMOCALC. In: Rajan, S., Pandey, P.C. (eds.) Antarctic Geoscience, Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Paleoclimatology, National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Goa, pp.248–262 (2005)
Jowhar, T.N.: Computer programs for P-T history of metamorphic rocks using pseudosection approach. Int. J. Comput. Appl. Technol. 41, 18–25 (2012)
Azaroff, L.V.: Elements of X-ray Crystallography. McGraw Hill Book Company, New York (1968)
Appleman, D.E., Evans, H.T., Jr.: Job 9214: Indexing and least-squares refinement of powder diffraction data. Document PB 216 188, National Technical Information Service, U. S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia (1973)
Benoit, P.H.: Adaptation to microcomputer of the appleman-evans program for indexing and least squares refinement of powder diffraction data for unit cell dimensions. Am. Mineral. 72, 1018–1019 (1987)
Acknowledgments
Professor Ram S. Sharma and Professor V. K. S. Dave provided tremendous inspiration for this research work. The facilities and encouragement provided by Professor Anil K. Gupta, Director, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun, to carry out this research work is thankfully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer India
About this paper
Cite this paper
Jowhar, T.N. (2014). Methods for Estimation of Structural State of Alkali Feldspars. In: Babu, B., et al. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving (SocProS 2012), December 28-30, 2012. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 236. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1602-5_106
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1602-5_106
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-1601-8
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-1602-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)