Abstract
This chapter gives an overview on various real-time communication protocols, from the Controller Area Network (CAN) that was standardized over twenty years ago but is still popular, to the FlexRay protocol that provides strong predictability and fault tolerance, to the more recent Ethernet-based networks. The design of these protocols including their messaging mechanisms was driven by diversified requirements on bandwidth, real-time predictability, reliability, cost, etc. The chapter provides three examples of real-time communication protocols: CAN as an example of event-triggered communication, FlexRay as a heterogeneous protocol supporting both time-triggered and event-triggered communications, and different incarnations of Ethernet that provide desired temporal guarantees.
This work was done while Daniel Thiele was with Technische Universität Braunschweig
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Abbreviations
- ADAS:
-
Advanced Driver Assistance System
- AFDX:
-
Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet
- ARQ:
-
Automatic Repeat Request
- AVB:
-
Audio/Video Bridging
- CAN:
-
Controller Area Network
- CPA:
-
Compositional Performance Analysis
- CSMA/CD:
-
Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection
- ECU:
-
Electronic Control Unit
- ET:
-
Event-Triggered
- FIFO:
-
First-In First-Out
- ILP:
-
Integer Linear Program
- LIN:
-
Local Interconnect Network
- MAC:
-
Media Access Control
- MOST:
-
Media Oriented Systems Transport
- QoS:
-
Quality of Service
- SPNP:
-
Static-Priority Non-Preemptive
- TSN:
-
Time-Sensitive Networking
- TT-CAN:
-
Time-Triggered CAN
- TTEthernet:
-
Time-Triggered Ethernet
- TTP:
-
Time-Triggered Protocol
- TT:
-
Time-Triggered
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The contribution Packet-Switched Networks: Ethernet has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 644080.
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Zeng, H. et al. (2017). Networked Real-Time Embedded Systems. In: Ha, S., Teich, J. (eds) Handbook of Hardware/Software Codesign. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7267-9_25
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