Skip to main content

Source Hotspot Management in a Mesh Network on Chip

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
VLSI Design and Test (VDAT 2018)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 892))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 1542 Accesses

Abstract

Network-on-Chip helps to accomplish greater throughput in multi-core chips. In a multi-core chip, each core parallelly processes multiple applications thereby increasing the overall processing capability of the chip. One of the major concern in this field is managing congestion on the network. There are many reasons for congestion, one of them is hotspots, which has been considered in this paper. The applications on a multi-core architecture that operates on large amount of data and computation may create hotspots. These hotspots introduce congestion on the network and increase the latency of packets that pass through them. Our solution to hotspots, identify the source hotspots and decrease inflow of packets into the hotspots, thereby reducing the network pressure where hotspots are present. The congestion control scheme is a threshold based approach that dynamically evaluates the presence of hotspots on the network and a routing algorithm to effectively route the packets away from the hotspots. Our experimental results show that the packets are routed away from the source hotspots and the packet latency of the network is effectively reduced.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wang, C., Hu, W., Bagherzadeh, N.: Scalable load balancing congestion-aware network-on-chip router architecture. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 79(4), 421–439 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Reshma Raj, R.S., Das, A., Jose, J.: Implementation and analysis of hotspot mitigation in mesh NoCs by cost-effective deflection routing technique. In: IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI-SoC), Abu Dhabi, pp. 1–6 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Link, G.M., Vijaykrishnan, N.: Hotspot prevention through runtime reconfiguration in network-on-chip. In: Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE), pp. 648–649 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Huang, W., et al.: HotSpot: a compact thermal modeling methodology for early-stage VLSI design. IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. (VLSI) Syst. 14(5), 501–513 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Gindin, R., et al.: NoC-based FPGA: architecture and routing. In: International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip (NOCS), pp. 253–264 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kakoulli, E., et al.: HPRA: a pro-active hotspot-preventive high-performance routing algorithm for networks-on-chips. In: International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD), pp. 249–255 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kakoulli, E., et al.: Intelligent hotspot prediction for network-on-chip based multicore systems. IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst. 31(3), 418–431 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gupte, A., Jones, P.: Hotspot mitigation using dynamic partial reconfiguration for improved performance. In: International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig), pp. 89–94 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Alfaraj, N., et al.: HOPE: hotspot congestion control for Clos network on chip. In: International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip (NOCS), pp. 17–24 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Tang, M., Lin, X., Palesi, M.: The repetitive turn model for adaptive routing. IEEE Trans. Comput. 66(1), 138–146 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Tsai, W.-C., Chu, K.-C., Hu, Y.-H., Chen, S.-J.: Non-minimal, turn-model based NoC routing. Microprocess. Microsyst. 37(8, Part B), 899–914 (2013). ISSN 0141–9331

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Benini, L., De Micheli, G.: Networks on chips: a new SoC paradigm. Computer 35, 70–78 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Tatas, K., Siozios, K., Soudris, D., Jantsch, A.: Designing 2D and 3D Network on-Chip Architectures, 1st edn, p. 265. Springer, New York (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4274-5

    Book  Google Scholar 

  14. Jiang, N., et al.: A detailed and flexible cycle-accurate network-on-chip simulator. In: International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS), pp. 86–96 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Binkert, N., et al.: The gem5 simulator. ACM SIGARCH Comput. Arch. News 39(2), 1 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Zedboard.org Zedboard. http://www.zedboard.org/product/zedboard

  17. Xilinx.com Xilinx. http://www.xilinx.com/products/design-tools/vivado

Download references

Acknowledgement

This work is supported in part by a grant from DST Government of India, SERB-ECR scheme (project number ECR/2016/212).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sujay B Shaunak .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

S, A. et al. (2019). Source Hotspot Management in a Mesh Network on Chip. In: Rajaram, S., Balamurugan, N., Gracia Nirmala Rani, D., Singh, V. (eds) VLSI Design and Test. VDAT 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 892. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5950-7_51

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5950-7_51

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-13-5949-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-13-5950-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics