Abstract
Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a new paradigm that has recently received a lot of attention. It extends computing power to the network edge, where tasks are not transmitted over long distances, thus reducing the risk of sensitive information leakage and theft. By offloading tasks to MEC servers, user equipments (UEs) can not only address its own lack of computing resources, but also reduce time and energy consumption. However, compared to the increasing computing requirements of UEs, the limited resources and heavy burden of MEC servers are becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, it will be a great challenge to design a proper computation offloading scheme to meet the requirements of UEs in resource-constrained MEC. In this paper, we analyze main computation offloading schemes. We divide computation offloading scenarios into two types. One is a single-server scenario, the other is a collaborative scenario with cloud, edge server, vehicle, etc. Challenges and conclusions have also been suggested in this paper.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Soyata, T., Muraleedharan, R., Funai, C.: Cloud-vision: real-time face recognition using a mobile-cloudlet-cloud acceleration architecture. In: Proceedings of Computers & Communications, pp. 59–66. IEEE (2012)
Chen, Z., Klatzky, R., Siewiorek, D.: An empirical study of latency in an emerging class of edge computing applications for wearable cognitive assistance. In: Proceedings of the Second ACM/IEEE Symposium ACM, pp. 1–14 (2017)
Tian, D., Zhou, J., Sheng, Z.: Self-organized relay selection for cooperative transmission in vehicular ad-hoc networks. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 66(10), 9534–9549 (2017)
Dinh, H.T., Lee, C., Niyato, D.: A survey of mobile cloud computing: architecture, applications, and approaches. Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput. 13(18), 1587–1611 (2013)
Pan, J., McElhannon, J.: Future edge cloud and edge computing for internet of things applications. IEEE Internet Things J. 5(1), 439–449 (2018)
Hu, Y., Patel, M., Sabella, D.: Mobile edge computing—a key technology towards 5G. ETSI White Paper, vol. 11, no. 11, pp. 1–16 (2015)
Taleb, T., Samdanis, K., Mada, B.: On multi-access edge computing: a survey of the emerging 5G network edge cloud architecture and orchestration. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 19(3), 1657–1681 (2017)
Zheng, J., Cai, Y., Wu, Y.: Dynamic computation offloading for mobile cloud computing: a stochastic game-theoretic approach. IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput. 18(4), 771–786 (2019)
Dong, S., Li, H., Qu, Y.: Survey of research on computation unloading strategy in mobile edge computing. Comput. Sci. 46(11), 32–40 (2019)
Zhang, J., Zhao, Y., Chen, B.: Survey on data security and privacy-preserving for the research of edge computing. J. Commun. 39(03), 1–21 (2018)
Mao, Y., You, C., Zhang, J.: A survey on mobile edge computing: the communication perspective. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 19(4), 2322–2358 (2017)
Mao, Y., Zhang, J., Letaief, K.B.: Dynamic computation offloading for mobile-edge computing with energy harvesting devices. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 34(12), 3590–3605 (2016)
Lin, H., Zeadally, S., Chen, Z., Labiod, H., Wang, L.: A survey on computation offloading modeling for edge computing. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 169, 102781 (2020)
Liu, Y., Zhu, Q., Zhao, J.: Survey of offloading technology for computing-intensive applications in edge environment. Comput. Eng. Appl. 56(15), 1–14 (2020)
Mach, M., Becvar, Z.: Mobile edge computing: a survey on architecture and computation offloading. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 19(3), 1628–1656 (2017)
Wang, K., et al.: Joint offloading and charge cost minimization in mobile edge computing. IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc. 1, 205–216 (2020)
Zhao, H.: Research on Computation Offloading in Resource-Constrained Mobile-Edge Computing Systems. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (2019)
Yu, S., Wang, X., Langar, R.: Computation offloading for mobile edge computing: a deep learning approach. In: IEEE International Symposium on Personal. IEEE (2017)
Liu, P., Li, J., Sun, Z.: Matching-based task offloading for vehicular edge computing. IEEE Access 7, 27628–27640 (2019)
Le, H.Q., Al-Shatri, H., Klein, A.: Efficient resource allocation in mobile-edge computation offloading: completion time minimization. In: 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT), Aachen, pp. 2513–2517 (2017)
Zhao, P., Tian, H., Qin, C.: Energy-saving offloading by jointly allocating radio and computational resources for mobile edge computing. IEEE Access 5, 11255–11268 (2017)
Saleem, U., Liu, Y., Jangsher, S.: Performance guaranteed partial offloading for mobile edge computing. In: GLOBECOM 2018 - 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE (2018)
Wang, D., Zhao, J.: Computation offloading and resource allocation in mobile edge computing via reinforcement learning. In: 2019 11th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP), pp. 1–6 (2019)
Zhan, W., Duan, H., Zhu, Q.: Multi-user offloading and resource allocation for vehicular multi-access edge computing. In: 2019 IEEE International Conferences on Ubiquitous Computing & Communications (IUCC) and Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DSCI) and Smart Computing, Networking and Services (SmartCNS), pp. 50–57 (2019)
Liu, M., Liu, Y.: Price-based distributed offloading for mobile-edge computing with computation capacity constraints. IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett. 7(3), 420–423 (2018)
Kim, S., Park, S., Chen, M.: An optimal pricing scheme for the energy-efficient mobile edge computation offloading with OFDMA. IEEE Commun. Lett. 22(9), 1922–1925 (2018)
Wang, K., Hu, Z., Ai, Q.: Joint offloading and charge cost minimization in mobile edge computing. IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc. 1, 205–216 (2020)
Ten, S.: Ultra low-loss optical fiber technology. In: Proceedings of Optical Fiber Communication Conference Exhibition, pp. 1–3 (2016)
Ren, J., Yu, G., He, Y.: Collaborative cloud and edge computing for latency minimization. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 68(5), 5031–5044 (2019)
Zhao, T., Zhou, S., Guo, S.: Tasks scheduling and resource allocation in heterogeneous cloud for delay-bounded mobile edge computing. In: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Paris, pp. 1–7 (2017)
Zhao, J., Li, Q., Gong, Y.: Computation offloading and resource allocation for cloud assisted mobile edge computing in vehicular networks. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 68(8), 7944–7956 (2019)
Ning, Z., Dong, P., Kong, X.: A cooperative partial computation offloading scheme for mobile edge computing enabled internet of things. IEEE Internet Things J. 6(3), 4804–4814 (2019)
Guo, H., Liu, J.: Collaborative computation offloading for multiaccess edge computing over fiber–wireless networks. IEEE Trans. V eh. Technol. 67(5), 4514–4526 (2018)
Liu, L., Chang, Z., Guo, X.: Multi-objective optimization for computation offloading in mobile-edge computing. In: 2017 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC), Heraklion, pp. 832–837 (2017)
Huang, M., Liu, W., Wang, T.: A cloud–MEC collaborative task offloading scheme with service orchestration. IEEE Internet Things J. 7(7), 5792–5805 (2020)
Yuan, H., Zhou, M.: Profit-maximized collaborative computation offloading and resource allocation in distributed cloud and edge computing systems. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 3000946 (2020)
Ma, X., Wang, S., Zhang, S.: Cost-efficient resource provisioning for dynamic requests in cloud assisted mobile edge computing. IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput. 2903240 (2019)
Liu, J., Zhang, Q.: Offloading schemes in mobile edge computing for ultra-reliable low latency communications. IEEE Access 6, 12825–12837 (2018)
Zhu, Y., Hu, Y., Schmeink, A.: Delay minimization offloading for interdependent tasks in energy-aware cooperative MEC networks. In: 2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Marrakesh, Morocco, pp. 1–6 (2019)
Kuang, Q., Cao, X., Xu, J.: Optimal computation and spectrum resource sharing in cooperative mobile edge computing systems: (invited paper). In: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS), Chengdu, China, pp. 384–388 (2018)
Fan, W., Liu, Y., Tang, B.: Computation offloading based on cooperation’s of mobile edge computing-enabled base stations. IEEE Access 6, 22622–22633 (2018)
Yang, C., Liu, Y., Chen, X.: Efficient mobility-aware task offloading for vehicular edge computing networks. IEEE Access 7, 26652–26664 (2019)
Zhang, Y., Qin, X., Song, X.: Mobility-aware cooperative task offloading and resource allocation in vehicular edge computing. In: 2020 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshops (WCNCW), Seoul, Korea (South), pp. 1–6 (2020)
Guo, H., Liu, J.: Collaborative computation offloading for multi-access edge computing over fiber-wireless networks. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 67(5), 4514–4526 (2018)
Xie, R., Tang, Q., Wang, Q.: Collaborative vehicular edge computing networks: architecture design and research challenges. IEEE Access 7, 178942–178952 (2019)
Xing, H., Liu, L., Xu, J.: Joint task assignment and resource allocation for D2D-enabled mobile-edge computing. IEEE Trans. Commun. 67(6), 4193–4207 (2019)
Kai, Y., Wang, J., Zhu, H.: Energy minimization for D2D-assisted mobile edge computing networks. In: ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Shanghai, China, pp. 1–6 (2019)
Diao, X., Zheng, J., Wu, Y.: Joint computing resource, power, and channel allocations for D2D-assisted and NOMA-based mobile edge computing. IEEE Access 7, 9243–9257 (2019)
Seng, S., Li, X., Luo, C.: A D2D-assisted MEC computation offloading in the blockchain-based framework for UDNs. In: IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Shanghai, China, pp. 1–6 (2019)
Xu, F., Yang, F., Zhao, C.: Deep reinforcement learning based joint edge resource management in maritime network. China Commun. 17(5), 211–222 (2020)
Huang, X., Yu, R., Liu, J.: Parked vehicle edge computing: exploiting opportunistic resources for distributed mobile applications. IEEE Access 6, 66649–66663 (2018)
Stojmenovic, I., Wen, S.: The fog computing paradigm: scenarios and security issues. In: 2014 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, pp. 1–8 (2014)
Chen, X., Jiao, L., Li, W.: Efficient multi-user computation offloading for mobile-edge cloud computing. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 24(5), 2795–2808 (2016)
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61672106), the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (No. L192023), Foundation of Beijing Information Science and Technology University (2025028) and Graduate Science and Technology Innovation Project of Beijing Information Science and Technology University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sun, H., Fan, Y., Yuan, S., Cai, Y. (2021). Survey on Computation Offloading Schemes in Resource-Constrained Mobile Edge Computing. In: Tian, Y., Ma, T., Khan, M.K. (eds) Big Data and Security. ICBDS 2020. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1415. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3150-4_36
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3150-4_36
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-3149-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-3150-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)