Abstract
The use of multimedia data is increasingly popular due to their outstanding advantages compared to traditional textual data. The demand for live streaming and the proliferation of new standards such as Full High Definition (FHD) and Ultra High Definition(UHD) makes it increasingly difficult to satisfy users. To overcome this challenge, content providers can utilize a hybrid architecture relying on a Content Delivery Network (CDN) and Peer-to-Peer communications. Many efforts have been conducted in order to evaluate and improve the performance of this architecture. However, research on applying blockchain-related technologies to the problem of content delivery is still scarce. In this context, our paper aims to investigate the ability of applying InterPlanetary File system (IPFS) - one of the salient technologies related to blockchain to the traditional hybrid architecture. We conduct different experiments to provide preliminary evaluations of the performance of the proposed system. Experimental results show that the proposed architecture is promising and effective in providing content delivery service.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdallah, H.B.H., Louati, W.: Ftree-CDN: hybrid CDN and P2P architecture for efficient content distribution. In: Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (PDP), pp. 438–445. IEEE (2019)
Buford, J., Yu, H., Lua, E.K.: P2P Networking and Applications. Morgan Kaufmann, Burlington (2009)
Cadwalladr, C., Graham-Harrison, E.: Revealed: 50 million facebook profiles harvested for cambridge analytica in major data breach. Guard. 17, 22 (2018)
Cisco: Cisco visual networking index predicts annual internet traffic to grow more than 20% (reaching 1.6 zettabytes) by 2018 (2014). https://newsroom.cisco.com/press-release-content?type=webcontent&articleId=1426270. Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Cisco: Cisco predicts more IP traffic in the next five years than in the history of the internet (2018). https://newsroom.cisco.com/press-release-content?type=webcontent&articleId=1955935. Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Docs, I.: Bitswap (2020). https://docs.ipfs.io/concepts/bitswap/. Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Docs, I.: Distributed hash tables (DHTs) (2020). https://docs.ipfs.io/concepts/dht/. Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Docs, I.: Merkle distributed acyclic graphs (DAGs) (2020). https://docs.ipfs.io/concepts/merkle-dag/. Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Fan, B., Chiu, D., Lui, J.C.: The delicate tradeoffs in bittorrent-like file sharing protocol design. In: IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols, pp. 239–248. IEEE (2006)
Floyd, S., Handley, M., Padhye, J., Widmer, J.: Equation-based congestion control for unicast applications. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 30(4), 43–56 (2000)
Forbes: Game of thrones premier brings HBO more customers despite episode crash (2014). https://www.forbes.com/sites/brandindex/2014/05/06/game-of-thrones-premier-brings-hbo-more-customers-despite-episode-crash/#46fb36141327. Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Friedman, R., Libov, A., Vigfussony, Y.: Distilling the ingredients of P2P live streaming systems. In: International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing (P2P), pp. 1–10 (2015)
Gilbert, H., Handschuh, H.: Security analysis of SHA-256 and sisters. In: Matsui, M., Zuccherato, R.J. (eds.) SAC 2003. LNCS, vol. 3006, pp. 175–193. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24654-1_13
Ha, D.H., Silverton, T., Fourmaux, O.: A novel hybrid CDN-P2P mechanism for effective real-time media streaming. Master’s thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (2008)
Huang, C., Wang, A., Li, J., Ross, K.W.: Understanding hybrid CDN-P2P: why limelight needs its own red swoosh. In: International Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video, pp. 75–80 (2008)
Isaak, J., Hanna, M.J.: User data privacy: facebook, cambridge analytica, and privacy protection. Computer 51(8), 56–59 (2018)
Krejci, S., Sigwart, M., Schulte, S.: Blockchain- and IPFS-based data distribution for the Internet of Things. In: Brogi, A., Zimmermann, W., Kritikos, K. (eds.) ESOCC 2020. LNCS, vol. 12054, pp. 177–191. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44769-4_14
Kumar, R., Marchang, N., Tripathi, R.: Distributed off-chain storage of patient diagnostic reports in healthcare system using IPFS and blockchain. In: International Conference on COMmunication Systems & NETworkS (COMSNETS), pp. 1–5. IEEE (2020)
Labs, P.: A full P2P protocol written entirely in javascript (2020). https://js.ipfs.io/
Loreto, S., Romano, S.P.: Real-Time Communication with WebRTC: Peer-to-Peer in the Browser. O’Reilly Media, Inc., Newton (2014)
Majumda, A., Sachs, D.G., Kozintsev, I.V., Ramchandran, K., Yeung, M.M.: Multicast and unicast real-time video streaming over wireless lans. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 12(6), 524–534 (2002)
Mukerjee, M.K., et al.: Enabling near real-time central control for live video delivery in CDNs. In: ACM Conference on SIGCOMM, pp. 343–344 (2014)
Peng, G.: CDN: content distribution network. arXiv preprint cs/0411069 (2004)
Pizzi, S., Condoluci, M., Araniti, G., Molinaro, A., Iera, A., Muntean, G.M.: A unified approach for efficient delivery of unicast and multicast wireless video services. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 15(12), 8063–8076 (2016)
Rai, V., Sivasubramanian, S., Bhulai, S., Garbacki, P., Van Steen, M.: A multiphased approach for modeling and analysis of the bittorrent protocol. In: International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS 2007), pp. 10–10. IEEE (2007)
Sanguankotchakorn, T., Krueakampliw, N.: A hybrid pull-push protocol in hybrid CDN-P2P mesh-based architecture for live video streaming. In: Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS), pp. 187–192. IEEE (2017)
Schollmeier, R.: A definition of peer-to-peer networking for the classification of peer-to-peer architectures and applications. In: International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, pp. 101–102. IEEE (2001)
Steichen, M., Fiz, B., Norvill, R., Shbair, W., State, R.: Blockchain-based, decentralized access control for IPFS. In: IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData), pp. 1499–1506. IEEE (2018)
Sun, J., Yao, X., Wang, S., Wu, Y.: Blockchain-based secure storage and access scheme for electronic medical records in IPFS. IEEE Access 8, 59389–59401 (2020)
Swan, M.: Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy. O’Reilly Media, Inc., Newton (2015)
Thi Thu Ha, T., Kim, J., Nam, J.: Design and deployment of low-delay hybrid CDN-P2P architecture for live video streaming over the web. Wirel. Pers. Commun. 94(3), 513–525 (2017)
Todd, S.: ESPN live stream crashes during USA-Germany world cup match (2014). https://variety.com/2014/digital/news/espn-video-streaming-service-crashes-during-usa-germany-world-cup-match-1201251221/. Accessed 01 Aug 2020
Underwood, S.: Blockchain beyond bitcoin (2016)
Xu, D., Kulkarni, S.S., Rosenberg, C., Chai, H.K.: Analysis of a CDN-P2P hybrid architecture for cost-effective streaming media distribution. Multimed. Syst. 11(4), 383–399 (2006)
Yin, H., et al.: Design and deployment of a hybrid CDN-P2P system for live video streaming: experiences with LiveSky. In: ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 25–34 (2009)
Zhao, J., Liang, P., Liufu, W., Fan, Z.: Recent developments in content delivery network: a survey. In: Shen, H., Sang, Y. (eds.) PAAP 2019. CCIS, vol. 1163, pp. 98–106. Springer, Singapore (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2767-8_9
Acknowledgments
This research is supported by the Vietnamese MOET’s project “Researching and applying blockchain technology to the problem of authenticating the certificate issuing process in Vietnam”, No. B2020-BKA-14.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Nguyen, TT., Do, BL. (2020). A Novel Model Using CDN, P2P, and IPFS for Content Delivery. In: Dang, T.K., Küng, J., Takizawa, M., Chung, T.M. (eds) Future Data and Security Engineering. Big Data, Security and Privacy, Smart City and Industry 4.0 Applications. FDSE 2020. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1306. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4370-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4370-2_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-33-4369-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-33-4370-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)