Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is increasingly becoming a promising solution for last-mile delivery in smart logistics, and multi-UAV scenarios have become increasingly common. In multi-UAV delivery services, the ability to accurately and efficiently identifying multiple target recipients is a critical issue. Face recognition has been widely used in UAV delivery services but since the UAVs need to passively wait for the target recipient to arrive at the designated location, the efficiency of identification is undesirable. Furthermore, as one UAV is intended only for one recipient, there is no collaboration between multiple UAVs at the same location which could otherwise reduce the computational and communication time for some common tasks. To address the aforementioned issues, in this paper, we propose an active multi-UAV multi-recipient identification method (named MM4ID) in edge-based smart delivery services, based on person re-identification (ReID) technology. Specifically, multiple UAVs scan the recipient’s activity area and transmit their video streams to a nearby edge server. In the meantime, a multiple object tracking (MOT) algorithm is performed at the edge server to track the recipients and obtain one image for each recipient from the video streams to reduce duplicated data. We perform person re-identification algorithm on the obtained recipient images to determine the location of the recipient, and then we use the face recognition algorithm to confirm the identity of the recipient. Finally, successful identification results including the target recipients and their locations are sent to all UAVs via broadcast so that each UAV can complete their final delivery task. Experimental results based on a real-world edge-based smart UAV delivery service system successfully demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method and yield better performance compared with other representative solutions.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Yu, B., Zhao, A.: Development of internet finance industry with the core of e-commerce platform services optimised by the edge computing of the internet of things based on artificial intelligence. Int. J. Ad Hoc Ubiquit. Comput. 39(4), 192–200 (2022)
Shee, H.K., Miah, S.J., De Vass, T.: Impact of smart logistics on smart city sustainable performance: an empirical investigation. Int. J. Logist. Manag. 32(3), 821–845 (2021)
Sah, B., Gupta, R., Bani-Hani, D.: Analysis of barriers to implement drone logistics. Int. J. Log. Res. Appl. 24(6), 531–550 (2021)
Škrinjar, J.P., Škorput, P., Furdić, M.: Application of unmanned aerial vehicles in logistic processes. In: Karabegović, I. (ed.) NT 2018. LNNS, vol. 42, pp. 359–366. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90893-9_43
Song, B.D., Park, K., Kim, J.: Persistent UAV delivery logistics: MILP formulation and efficient heuristic. Comput. Ind. Eng. 120, 418–428 (2018)
Shahzaad, B., Bouguettaya, A., Mistry, S.: A game-theoretic drone-as-a-service composition for delivery. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), pp. 449–453. IEEE (2020)
Shahzaad, B., Bouguettaya, A., Mistry, S.: Robust composition of drone delivery services under uncertainty. In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), pp. 675–680. IEEE (2021)
Schroff, F., Kalenichenko, D., Philbin, J.: FaceNet: a unified embedding for face recognition and clustering. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 815–823 (2015)
Adjabi, I., Ouahabi, A., Benzaoui, A., Taleb-Ahmed, A.: Past, present, and future of face recognition: a review. Electronics 9(8), 1188 (2020)
Ali, W., Tian, W., Din, S.U., Iradukunda, D., Khan, A.A.: Classical and modern face recognition approaches: a complete review. Multimedia Tools Appl. 80, 4825–4880 (2021)
Gao, H., et al.: Edge4Sys: a device-edge collaborative framework for MEC based smart systems. In: Proceedings of the 35th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, pp. 1252–1254 (2020)
Zhang, C., et al.: An edge based federated learning framework for person re-identification in UAV delivery service. In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), pp. 500–505. IEEE (2021)
Luo, W., Xing, J., Milan, A., Zhang, X., Liu, W., Kim, T.K.: Multiple object tracking: a literature review. Artif. Intell. 293, 103448 (2021)
Luo, H., Gu, Y., Liao, X., Lai, S., Jiang, W.: Bag of tricks and a strong baseline for deep person re-identification. In: Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2019)
Xu, J., Liu, X., Li, X., Zhang, L., Jin, J., Yang, Y.: Energy-aware computation management strategy for smart logistic system with MEC. IEEE Internet Things J. 9(11), 8544–8559 (2021)
Alkouz, B., Bouguettaya, A., Lakhdari, A.: Density-based pruning of drone swarm services. In: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), pp. 302–311. IEEE (2022)
Shahzaad, B., Bouguettaya, A.: Service-oriented architecture for drone-based multi-package delivery. In: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS), pp. 103–108. IEEE (2022)
Shao, Y., Zhang, D., Chu, H., Zhang, X., Chang, Z.: Aerial photography pedestrian target recognition based on yolo and face net. Manuf. Autom. (56–60) (2020)
Shen, Q., Jiang, L., Xiong, H.: Person tracking and frontal face capture with UAV. In: 2018 IEEE 18th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT), pp. 1412–1416. IEEE (2018)
Gai, Y., He, W., Zhou, Z.: Pedestrian target tracking based on deepsort with YOLOv5. In: 2021 2nd International Conference on Computer Engineering and Intelligent Control (ICCEIC), pp. 1–5. IEEE (2021)
Nepal, U., Eslamiat, H.: Comparing YOLOv3, YOLOv4 and YOLOv5 for autonomous landing spot detection in faulty UAVs. Sensors 22(2), 464 (2022)
Veeramani, B., Raymond, J.W., Chanda, P.: Deepsort: deep convolutional networks for sorting haploid maize seeds. BMC Bioinform. 19, 1–9 (2018)
Redmon, J., Farhadi, A.: YOLO9000: better, faster, stronger. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 7263–7271 (2017)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 62076002, 61402005, 61972001), and the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province of China (No. 2008085MF194).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Xu, Y., Guo, R., Kua, J., Luo, H., Zhang, Z., Liu, X. (2024). We Will Find You: An Edge-Based Multi-UAV Multi-Recipient Identification Method in Smart Delivery Services. In: Tari, Z., Li, K., Wu, H. (eds) Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing. ICA3PP 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14490. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0859-8_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0859-8_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-97-0858-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-97-0859-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)