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A Multi-scene Webpage Fingerprinting Method Based on Multi-head Attention and Data Enhancement

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Information Security and Cryptology (Inscrypt 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 14526))

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Abstract

Aiming the problems of the high segmentation error of multi-tab webpage traffic and unreasonable use of mixed regions in the current Tor webpage fingerprinting methods and the poor recognition effect of webpage fingerprinting caused by lack of information on incomplete webpage traffic, a multi-scene webpage fingerprinting method based on multi-head attention and data enhancement was proposed. In the multi-tab webpage browsing scenario, sequence embedding and block division were used to transfer the original multi-tab webpage traffic sequence into a block matrix that preserves the original access order. Then, the global features of different mixed types of webpages were extracted from the block matrix based on multi-head attention for webpage recognition. In incomplete webpage browsing scenario, the original incomplete webpage traffic sequence was preprocessed to generate sequence samples. Then, incomplete sequences were interpolated through generative adversarial imputation nets to achieve data enhancement. The interpolated complete sequence was used for webpage recognition. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method has good performance in both webpage browsing scenarios.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62201576, No. U1833107), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 3122022050), the Open Fund of the Information Security Evaluation Center of Civil Aviation University of China (ISECCA-202202), and the Discipline Development Funds of Civil Aviation University of China.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Technology, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China

    Lixia Xie, Yange Li, Hongyu Yang & Peng Wang

  2. School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China

    Hongyu Yang & Ze Hu

  3. School of Information Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China

    Xiang Cheng

  4. Information Security Evaluation Center of Civil Aviation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China

    Xiang Cheng

  5. School of Information, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA

    Liang Zhang

Authors
  1. Lixia Xie
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  2. Yange Li
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  3. Hongyu Yang
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  4. Peng Wang
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  5. Ze Hu
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  6. Xiang Cheng
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  7. Liang Zhang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hongyu Yang , Ze Hu or Xiang Cheng .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong University, Jinan, China

    Chunpeng Ge

  2. Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Moti Yung

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© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Xie, L. et al. (2024). A Multi-scene Webpage Fingerprinting Method Based on Multi-head Attention and Data Enhancement. In: Ge, C., Yung, M. (eds) Information Security and Cryptology. Inscrypt 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14526. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0942-7_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0942-7_21

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-97-0941-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-97-0942-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

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