Abstract
In H.265/HEVC, high occupancy rates in bitstreams indicate DCT/DST residual coefficients are ideal embedding positions for video steganography. This paper presents a novel hybrid video steganography embedding framework based on DCT/DST residual coefficients. For intra-prediction, 4 × 4 DST residual coefficients are selected as embedding carrier for high imperceptibility, intra-prediction modes and coefficient pairs are used for averting intra distortion drift and improving visual quality of stego video. For inter-prediction, 4 × 4 DCT residual coefficients and N-dimensional space coding are used for limiting inter-embedding error, where the superiority is that we can embed multiple bits of secret message while only one 4 × 4 DCT residual coefficient needs to be modified at most, where the high visual quality and low bit-rate increase can be achieved. The proposed embedding framework combines the advantages of the technique of intra-averting distortion drift and inter-N-dimensional space coding of DCT residual coefficients to an integrated solution, where increasing the embedding capacity significantly. The experimental results have been proven the superiority of the proposed video steganography embedding framework in terms of high visual quality, high embedding capacity and low bit rate increase.
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Acknowledgment
This paper is sponsored by Henan International Joint Laboratory of Blockchain and Audio/Video Security, Henan Big Data Security and Privacy Development Innovation Laboratory, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Blockchain and CyberSecurity, and 2023 Henan Science&Technology Breakthrough project, “Research on Covert Communication Based on H.265 Video Steganography” (No. 232102210126).
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Zhao, H., Liu, Y., Liu, H., Zheng, Y., Liu, S., Fang, H. (2024). A Hybrid DCT/DST Based Embedding Framework for Video Steganography in H.265/HEVC. In: Huang, DS., Zhang, C., Guo, J. (eds) Advanced Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications. ICIC 2024. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14871. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5609-4_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5609-4_6
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