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Influence of the Printing Direction on the Surface Appearance in Multi-material Fused Filament Fabrication

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Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics (CADGraphics 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 14250))

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Abstract

Multi-material fused filament fabrication (FFF) offers the ability to print 3D objects with very diverse surface appearances. However, control of the surface appearance is largely a matter of trial and error unless the employed materials are very similar and very translucent, so we can think of them as blending together. When the multiple materials are fused into one filament in a diamond hotend extruder but do not blend, the resulting surface appearance depends on the printing direction. We explore how this leads to milli-scale colorations as a function of the printing direction. By having preferable printing directions, it is possible to exploit the limited color blending of this nozzle with multiple inlets and one outlet and further enhance particular color effects, such as goniochromatism. We present a framework based on both experimental and computational fluid dynamics analysis for controlling the extrusion process and the coloration of the surface according to preferable printing directions and mixing ratios with the aim of enabling fused filament fabrication of intricate surface appearances.

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Acknowledgements

This work is part of the ApPEARS project funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions grant agreement no. 814158.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, DK, Denmark

    Riccardo Tonello, Md. Tusher Mollah, Kenneth Weiss, Jon Spangenberg, David Bue Pedersen & Jeppe Revall Frisvad

  2. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2802, Gjøvik, NO, Norway

    Are Strandlie

Authors
  1. Riccardo Tonello
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  2. Md. Tusher Mollah
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  3. Kenneth Weiss
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  4. Jon Spangenberg
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  5. Are Strandlie
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  6. David Bue Pedersen
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  7. Jeppe Revall Frisvad
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Correspondence to Jeppe Revall Frisvad .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

    Shi-Min Hu

  2. Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

    Yiyu Cai

  3. Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

    Paul Rosin

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© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Tonello, R. et al. (2024). Influence of the Printing Direction on the Surface Appearance in Multi-material Fused Filament Fabrication. In: Hu, SM., Cai, Y., Rosin, P. (eds) Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics. CADGraphics 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14250. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9666-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9666-7_7

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