Skip to main content
Log in

A model for specification and synchronization of data for distributed multimedia applications

  • Published:
Multimedia Tools and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

As network technology provides the capability to handle multimedia traffic and the demand of multimedia services increases, protocols are required for effective communication of multimedia data in a distributed environment. Synchronization is one of the key issues in a multimedia system. Most of the current approaches do not support an integrated solution to the problem of synchronization. In this paper we propose a mechanism for synchronization of multimedia data in distributed environment where the accuracy of the protocol can be tailored to the application. The system model supports live and video-on-demand service. We present a scheme where the specification of the temporal requirements provided by the application can be directly mapped to obtain the information necessary to enforce the synchronization required. We present two examples of specifying the temporal requirements and process of obtaining the information and present performance results of our simulation studies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. N. Agarwal and S.H. Son et al., “Model multimedia workstation for echocardiography,” 17th Annual Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care, Washington D.C., Oct. 30–Nov. 3, 1993, p. 860.

  2. D.P. Anderson and G. Homsy, “A continuous media I/O server and its synchronization mechanism,” IEEE Computer, pp. 51–57, Oct. 1991.

  3. D.C.A. Bulterman and R. van Liere, “Multimedia synchronization in UNIX,” Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, Heidelberg, Germany, Nov. 18–19, 1991, pp. 108–120.

  4. J. Escobar, D. Deutsch, and C. Partridge, “Flow synchronization protocol,” Globecomm, 1992.

  5. C.L.Hamblin, “Instants and intervals,” Proc. of 1st International Soc. for the Study of Time, J.T.Fraser et al. (Eds.), Springer-Verleg: New York, 1972, pp. 324–331.

    Google Scholar 

  6. P.Hoepner, “Synchronizing the presentation of multimedia objects,” IEEE Computer Communications, Vol. 15, No. 9, pp. 557–564, Nov. 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  7. M.A. Holliday and M.K. Vernon, “A generalized timed Petri net model for performance analysis,” Proceedings of Int. Conf. Timed Petri Nets, Torino, Italy, July 1985, pp. 181–190.

  8. W.H. Leung, T.J. Baumgartner, Y.H. Hwang, M.J. Morgan, and S.C. Tu, “A software architecture for work-stations supporting multimedia conferencing in packet switching networks,” IEEE Jounal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 8, No. 3, April 1990.

  9. T.D.C.Little and A.Ghafoor, “Synchronization and storage models for multimedia objects,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 413–426, April 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  10. T.D.C.Little and A.Ghafoor, “A multimedia synchronization protocols for broad-band integrated services,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Vol. 9, No. 9, pp. 1368–1382, Dec. 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  11. C.Nicolaou “An architecture for real-time multimedia communication systems,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, pp. 391–400, Vol. 8, No. 3, April 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  12. B. Prabhakaran and S. V. Raghavan, “Synchronization models for multimedia presentation with user participation,” Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Anaheim, CA, 1993.

  13. N.U. Qazi, M. Woo, and A. Ghafoor, “A synchronization and communication model for distributed multimedia objects,” Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia, Anaheim, CA, 1993, pp. 147–155.

  14. P.V. Rangan et al., “Designing an on-demand multimedia service,” IEEE Communications Magazine, pp. 56–64, July 1992.

  15. P.V.Rangan et al., “Techniques for multimedia synchronization in network file systems,” IEEE Computer Communications, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 168–176, March 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  16. D.Shepherd and M.Salmony, “Extending OSI to support synchronization required by multimedia applications,” Computer Communications, Vol. 13, No. 7, pp. 399–406, Sept. 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  17. D. Shepherd, D. Hutchinson, F. Garcia, and G. Coulson, “Protocol support for distributed multimedia applications,” Computer Communications, Vol. 15, No. 6, July 1992.

  18. S.H. Son and N. Agarwal, “Synchronization of temporal constructs in distributed multimedia systems with controlled accuracy,” Tech Rep. #CS-93-57, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Oct. 28, 1993.

  19. R.Steinmetz, “Synchronization properties in multimedia systems,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 401–411, April 1990.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Agarwal, N., Son, S.H. A model for specification and synchronization of data for distributed multimedia applications. Multimed Tools Appl 3, 79–104 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00429746

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00429746

Keywords

Navigation