Abstract
This article is a comparative description of the user modelling component of ANATOM-TUTOR, an intelligent anatomy tutoring system for use at university level. We introduce ITSs in general, discussing some of the psychological and pedagogical issues involved in using computers in education, and ANATOM-TUTOR in particular, and locate ANATOM-TUTOR's user modelling component in the field of existing user models. Details of the user model's construction and maintenance, the knowledge representation techniques used in it, and its relation to the domain knowledge base are then discussed. Two applications of ANATOM-TUTOR's user model are described: (1) tailoring hypertext to the level of knowledge of the individual user; and (2) generating explanations and questions in a simulated examination situation, also taking into consideration the individual user's level of knowledge.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, J. R.: 1988, ‘The expert Module’. In: M. C. Polson and J. J. Richardson (eds.):Foundations of Intelligent Tutoring systems. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 21–53.
Boy, G.: 1991, ‘On-line User Model Acquisition in Hypertext Documentation’. In:Proceedings of the IJCAI Workshop W4: Agent Modelling for Intelligent Interaction, Sydney, Australia, pp. 34–42.
Boyle, C. and A. Encarnacion: 1991, ‘A User Model Based Hypertext Documentation System’. In:Proceedings of the IJCAI Workshop, pp. 43–65 (The system is also described in: C. Boyle and A. O. Encarnacion: 1994, ‘Meta-Doc: An Adaptive Hypertext Reading System’. In:User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, this issue.)
Brownston, L., et al.: 1985,Programming Expert Systems in Ops5. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.
Chin, D.: 1986, ‘User Modelling in UC: the Unix Consultant’. InProceedings of the CHI-86 Conference, Boston.
Crook, C.: 1990, ‘Computers in the Classroom’. In: O. Boyd-Barret and E. Scanion (eds):Computers and Learning. Addison-Wesley.
de Rosis, F., A. Russo, D. Berry, F. J. N. Molina: 1992, ‘Modeling the User Knowledge by Belief Networks’.User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 2, 367–388.
Duus, P.: 1990,Neurologisch-topische Diagnostik. Stuttgart: Thieme Verlag.
Finin, T.: 1989, ‘GUMS — A General User Modeling Shell’. In: A. Kobsa and W. Wahlster,User Models in Dialog Systems, Springer Verlag, pp. 411–430.
Feneis, H.: 1988,Anatomisches Bildwoerterbuch. Stuttgart: Thieme Verlag.
Forssmann, W.G. and Chr. Heym: 1975,Grundriss der Neuroanatomie. Springer Verlag.
Gagne, R.: 1977,The Conditions of Learning. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Halff, H. M.: 1988, ‘Curriculum and Instruction in Automated Tutors’. In: M. C. Polson and J. J. Richardson (eds.):Foundations of Intelligent Tutoring systems. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 79–108.
Kahle, W., H. Leonhardt and W. Platzer: 1979,Nervensystem und Sinnesorgane. Stuttgart: Thieme Verlag.
Katz, S. and A. Lesgold: 1991, ‘Modelling The Student in Sherlock II’. In:Proceedings of the IJCAI Workshop W4: Agent Modelling for Intelligent Interaction, Sydney, Australia, pp. 93–128.
Kobsa, A. and W. Wahlster: 1989,User Models in Dialog Systems, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag.
Lesgold, A.: 1988, Toward a Theory of Curriculum for Use in Designing Intelligent Instructional Systems. In: A. Lesgold and H. Mandl,Learning Issues for Intelligent Tutoring Systems. New York: Springer Verlag, pp. 114–137.
Nieuwenhuys, R., J. Voogd, and Chr.van Huijzen: 1988,The Human Central Nervous System. Springer Verlag.
Orwant, J.: 1991, ‘The Doppelganger User Modeling System’. In:Proceedings of the IJCAI Workshop W4: Agent Modelling for Intelligent Interaction, Sydney, Australia, pp. 164–168.
Paris, C.: 1989, ’The Use of Explicit User Models in a Generation System for Tailoring Answers to the User's Level of Expertise’. In: A. Kobsa and W. Wahlster,User Models in Dialog Systems, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, pp. 200–232.
Polson, M. and J. J. Richardson: 1988,Intelligent Tutoring Systems. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Leonhardt, H., G. Toendury and K. Zilles (eds.): 1987,Anatomie des Menschen, Band III Stuttgart: Thieme Verlag.
Rich, E.: 1979, ’User Modeling via Stereotypes’Cognitive Science 3, 329–354.
Rich, E.: 1989, ’Stereotypes and User Modeling’. In: A. Kobsa and W. Wahlster,User Models in Dialog Systems, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, pp. 35–51.
Rothstein, P.: 1990,Educational Psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Sandberg, J.: 1987,The Third International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education, AICOM.
Self, J.: 1988, ’Bypassing the Intractable Problem of Student Modelling’. In:Proceedings of the 1st Int. Conf. on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Montreal, pp. 18–24.
Shifroni, E. and B. Shanon: 1992, ‘Interactive User Modeling’.User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 2, 331–365.
Spencer, K.: 1991,The Psychology of Educational Technology and Instructional Media. Liverpool: United Writers Press.
VanLehn, K.: 1988, ‘Student Modelling’. In M. C. Polson and J. J. Richardson (eds.):Foundations of Intelligent Tutoring systems. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 55–78.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Beaumont, I.H. User modelling in the interactive anatomy tutoring system ANATOM-TUTOR. User Model User-Adap Inter 4, 21–45 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01142356
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01142356