Abstract
Based on the time-flow graph models proposed for the multimedia presentation scenarios, a scheduling algorithm and control scheme are presented for the synchronization control which involves multiple sources in a teleorchestra system. In the scheduling, a synchronization dialogue among the independent sources will be conducted to evaluate the presentation scenario. Then the real-time data objects from the different sources can be synchronized in the remote presentation according to the required scenario. The algorithm can be performed in a distributed manner.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Orozco-Barbosa L, Karmouch A, Georganas ND, Goldberg M (1992) A multimedia inter-hospital communications system for medical consultations. IEEE JSAC 10:1145–1147
Karmouch A (1993) Multimedia distributed cooperative system. Comput Commun 16:568–580
Little T, Ghafoor A (1991) Multimedia synchronization protocols for broadband integrated services. IEEE JSAC 9:1368–1482
Little T, Ghafoor A (1990) Synchronization and storage models for multimedia objects. IEEE JSAC 8:413–427
Little T, Ghafoor A (1990) Network considerations for distributed multimedia object composition and communication. IEEE Network Magazine, pp 32–49
Little T, Ghafoor A (1991) Spatio-temporal composition of distributed multimedia objects for value-added networks. IEEE Computer Magazine, pp 42–50
Steinmetz R (1992) Multimedia synchronization techniques: experience based on different system structures. Proc IEEE Multimedia'92, Monterey, Calif.
Steinmetz R (1990) Synchronization properties in multimedia systems. IEEE JSAC 8:401–412
Nicolaou C (1990) An architecture for real-time multimedia communication systems. IEEE JSAC 8:391–400
Buchanan MC, Zellweger PT (1992) Scheduling multimedia documents using temporal constraints. Proc of The 3rd International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, San Diego, Calif.
Li L, Karmouch A, Georganas ND (1992) Real-time synchronization control in multimedia distributed systems. Proc IEEE Multimedia'92, Monterey, Calif.
Li L, Karmouch A, Georganas ND (1992) Synchronization in real time multimedia data delivery. IEEE ICC'92, Chicago, pp 587–591
Li L, Karmouch A, Georganas ND (1993) Performance modeling of distributed data integration in real-time multimedia scenarios. Proc ICCC Multimedia'93, Banff, Canada, pp 24/5:1–5
Li L, Karmouch A, Georganas ND (1993) Multimedia teleorchestra with independent sources:Part 1 — Temporal modeling of collaborative multimedia scenarios. This issue of Multimedia Systems
Li L, Lamont L, Karmouch A, Georganas ND (1993) A distributed synchronization control scheme in a group-oriented multimedia conferencing system. Proc 2nd International Conferencing on Broadband Island, Athens, Greece, pp 115–126
Lamont L, Georganas ND (1992) Protocols for real-time multimedia conferencing. Proc Canadian Conference on Electronics and Computing Engineering, Toronto, pp MA 1.5.1–4
Chen M, Shae Z (1992) A multimedia desktop collaboration system. Proc Globecom'92, Orlando, FLa., pp 521–525
Gusella R, Zatti S (1989) The accuracy of the clock synchronization achieved by tempo in Berkley UNIX 4.3 BSD. IEEE Trans Software Eng 15:847–853
Srikanth TK, Toueg S (1987) Optimal clock synchronization. JACM 34:626–645
Mills DL (1989) Measured performance of the network time protocol in the internet system. Network Working Group Request for Comments 1128
Rangan PV, Vin HM, Ramanathan S (1993) Communication architectures and algorithms for media mixing in multimedia conferences. IEEE/ACM Trans Networking 1:20–30
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, L., Karmouch, A. & Georganas, N.D. Multimedia teleorchestra with independent sources: Part 2 — synchronization algorithms. Multimedia Systems 1, 154–165 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01213074
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01213074