Abstract
Using the principles of self-organisation and Darwin's theory of evolution, an algorithm has been developed to solve the geometric travelling salesman problem (TSP). In this approach, we have virtual and real nodes (cities) which can have equal or different masses (weights). The virtual nodes and their neighours are attracted toward the fixed cities by a Newtonian force. The birth and death of the virtual nodes creates a world in which only the fittest survive. This approach has been successfully tested on many problems of different sizes, with a constant error of about 4.6% across the whole range. The computing time follows a power series (square law) versus the number of cities. Comparison of our results with those obtained by a simulated annealing method showed the solutions that obtained by this self-organisation method are of a better quality, especially for large size problems.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Garey MR, Johnson DS. Computers and Intractability: New York, WH Freeman, 1979.
Lawler EL, Lenstra JK, Rinnooy AHG, Shmoys DB. The Travelling Salesman Problem. Chichester: Wiley, 1985.
New Scientist, June 27 1992.
Lin S, Kernighan BW. Operat. Res. 1973; 21: 516.
Durbin R, Willshaw. Nature. 1987; 326: 689–691.
Kirkpatrick S. Statistical Physics 1984; 34: 975.
Randeklman RE, Grest GS. J. Statistical Physics 1986; 45: 885.
Hopfield JJ, Tank DW. Science 1986; 233: 625.
Favata F, Walker R. Biol. Cyber. 1991.
Kohonen T. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1984.
Stein D. PhD thesis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1977.
Press WH, Flannery BP, Teukolsky ST, Vetterling WT. Numercial Recipes in C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Amin S, Fernández-Villacañas JL. To be published, 1994.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Amin, S. A self-organised travelling salesman. Neural Comput & Applic 2, 129–133 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01415008
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01415008