Abstract
Well-known critics of AI such as Hubert Dreyfus and Michael Polanyi tend to confuse cybernetics with AI. Such a confusion is quite misleading and should not be overlooked. In the first place, cybernetics is not vulnerable to criticism of AI as cognitivistic and behaviouristic. In the second place, AI researchers are recommended to consider the cybernetics approach as a way of overcoming the limitations of cognitivism and behaviourism.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Bateson, G. (1972).Steps to an Ecology of Mind, Ballantine Books, New York.
Bateson, G. (1979).Mind and Nature, Bantam Books, New York.
Beer, S. (1975).Platform for Change, John Wiley & Sons, London.
Bertalanffy, L. von, (1968).General System Theory, George Braziller, New York.
Dreyfus, H. L. (1968). Cybernetics as the Last Stage of Metaphysics,Akten des XVI International Kongresses für Philosophie II, Wien.
Dreyfus, H. L. (1972).What Computers Can't Do, Harper & Row, New York.
Dreyfus, H. L. (1988). The Socratic and Platonic Basis of Cognitivism,AI & Society, 4. 99–100.
Dreyfus, H. L. and Dreyfus, S. E. (1986).Mind over Machine, The Free Press, New York.
Foerster, H. von, (1979). Cybernetics of Cybernetics, In Krippendorf (ed.)Communication and Control in Society, Gordon and Breach, New York.
Gardner, H. (1985).The Mind's New Science, Basic Books, New York.
Hall, H. D. III. (1989).Metasystems Methodology, Pergamon Press, Oxford.
McCulloch, W. S. (1965).Embodiment of Mind, MIT Press, Cambridge.
Minsky, M. (ed.) (1969).Semantic Information Processing, MIT Press, Cambridge.
Minsky, M. (1986).Society of Mind, Siomon and Schuster, New York.
Pask, G. (1970). The Meaning of Cybernetics in the Behavioral Sciences, In Rose (ed.)Progress of Cybernetics, Vol. 1, Gordon and Breach, London.
Polanyi, M. and Prosch, H. (1975).Meaning, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Rosenblueth, A., Wiener, N. and Bigelow, J. (1943). Behavior, Teleology and Purpose,Philosophy of Science, 10.
Weizenbaum, J. (1976).Computer Power and Human Reason, W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
Whitehead, A. N. (1925).Science and the Modern World, The New American Library, New York.
Wiener, N. (1956).I am a Matahematician, MIT Press, Cambridge.
Wiener, N. (1954).The Human Use of Human Beings, Avon Books, New York.
Wiener, N. (1960). The Brain and the Machine, In Hook (ed.)Dimension of Mind, New York University Press, New York.
Wiener, N. (1961).Cybernetics, The MIT Press, Cambridge.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sato, K. From AI to cybernetics. AI & Soc 5, 155–161 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01891721
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01891721