Abstract
The methodology of the science of science is claimed to be plagued by one-dimensional thinking, and it is urged that a multi-dimensional view be adopted instead. In a one-dimensional model “cause” is a meaningful word, superlatives can be used, dichotomous thinking is realistic, with a resultant “zero-sum” mentality, and the “make a hypothesis-find a correlation” method makes sense. In the multidimensional framework these four characteristics are unsuitable, and instead a quite different set of questions arise as appropriate. This is illustrated on five examples taken from among currently interesting questions in the science of science. Following some remarks about simplicity and about the role and limitations of multiple regression analyses, it is concluded that, among other things, more purely phenomenological studies are needed to make progress in the science of science.
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For an example of this point of view, see D. de SOLLA PRICE, The Science/Technology Relationship, the Craft of Experimental Science, and Policy for the Improvement of High Technology Innovation, Final Report for the Division for Policy Research Analysis, National Science Foundation, March 1982.
This point of view is quite rampant in the community of the sociologists of science. See for example R. K. MERTON,The Sociology of Science, The Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago, Press, Chicago, 1972, p. 286.
The main proponent of this view has been D. de SOLLA PRICE. See for example D. de SOLLA PRICEJasis 27 (1976) 292.
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A good example of this point of view can be found in P. FORMAN,Weimar Culture, Causality, and Quantum Theory, 1918–1937: Adaptation by German Physicists and Mathematicians to a Hostile Intellectual Environment, Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences III, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1971, pp. 1–115.
An interesting series of exchanges, some of which reflects this point of view, appeared inInterciencia 6 (1981), 3 167.
G. N. GILBERT, M. MULKAY,Soc. Stud. of Science, 12 (1982) 383.
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Moravcsik, M.J. Life in a multidimensional world. Scientometrics 6, 75–85 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021280
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021280