Skip to main content
Log in

Interactive animation of parametric models

  • Published:
The Visual Computer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper describes a program which allows parametric models of three-dimensional characters and scenes to be interactively controlled for computer animation. The system attempts to span the two most common approaches to animation: language-driven or programmed and visually-driven or interactive. Models are designed in a geometry language which supports vector and matrix arithmetic, transformations and instancing of primitive parts. As a result, constraints and functional dependencies between different parts can be programmed. Control is achieved by parameterizing the model. Subsets of parameters can be connected to different logical input devices, establishing an input mode to control the model's shape. Parameter sets can be stored to form a database of positions. Positions then can be mapped to frames and interpolated to animate the model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Defanti TA (1973) The Graphics Symbiosis System — An Interactive Minicomputer Graphics Language Designed for Habitability and Extensibility. Ph. D. Dissertation, Ohio State University

  • Hackathorn R (1977) Anima II: a 3-D color animation system. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '77 Proceedings) 11:54–64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hackathorn R, Parent R, Marshall B, Howard M (1981) An interactive microcomputer bases 3-D animation system. Proceedings of Conference of the Canadian Society for Man-Machine Interaction, pp 181–191

  • Korein JU, Badler NI (1982) Techniques for generating the goal-directed motion or articulated structures. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 2:71–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lundin D (1984) Motion simulation. Nicograph '84 Proceedings Tokyo, Japan

  • Magnenat-Thalmann N, Thalmann D (1983) The Use of High-Level 3-D Graphical Types in the Mira Animation System. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 3 (9):9–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O'Donnell TJ, Olson AJ (1981) GRAMPS — A graphical language interpreter for real-time, interactive, three-dimensional picture editing and animation. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '81 Proceedings) 15:133–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parke FI (1982) Parameterized models for facial animation. IEEE Comput Graph Appl 2:61–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds CW (1982) Computer animation with scripts and actors. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings) 16:289–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith AR, Cook R, Carpenter L, Porter T, Salesin D (1983) Road to Point Reyes. Title Page Credit. Comput Graph 17

  • Stern G (1983a) Bbop—a system for 3D keyframe figure animation. SIGGRAPH '83, Course 7, Introduction to Computer Animation, pp 240–243

  • Stern G (1983b) Bbop—a program for 3-dimensional animation. Nicograph '83 Proc Tokyo, Japan, pp 403–404

  • Sturman DS (1984) Interactive keyframe animation of 3-D articulated models. Proc Graph Interface '84 Ottowa, Canada, pp 35–40

  • Thornton RW (1979) The number wheel: a tablet based valuator for interactive three-dimensional positioning. Comput Graph (SIGGRAPH '79 Proceedings) 13:102–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Tucker JB (1984) Computer graphics achieves new realism. High Technol 4 (6):40–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeltzer D (1983) Knowledge-based animation. Proc ACM SIGGRAPH/SIGART Interdisciplinary Workshop, Motion: Representation and Perception. Toronto, Canada, pp 187–192

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Hanrahan, P., Sturman, D. Interactive animation of parametric models. The Visual Computer 1, 260–266 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021815

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02021815

Key words

Navigation