Skip to main content
Log in

Variational principles compete with numerical iterative methods for analyzing distributed electromagnetic structures

Avantages des principes variationnels sur les methodes itératives pour l’analyse de structures électromagnétiques distribuées

  • Published:
Annales Des Télécommunications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An explicit variational principle (Evp) for the propagation constant of em waves is compared with four numerical tools: the Newton-Raphson algorithm solving a transcendental equation, the spectral domain approach (Sda) applied to the Galerkin method, the 3-D simulatorHfss fromHp, and the finite element method (Fem). Each tool analyses a different planar topology: a lossy dielectric slab supporting surface waves, a planar slotline modelled by transmission line parameters (Tlp), a multilayered high-loss co-planar waveguide, and a shielded microstrip line. For these various structures, the evp is more efficient than previous tools yielding the propagation constant; its explicit form and variational nature yield a drastic reduction of the number of iterations.

Résumé

Un principe variationnel explicite (pve) pour I’exposant de propagation d’ondes électromagnétiques est comparé à quatre out numériques: I’algorithme de Newton-Raphson résolvant une équation transcendentale, la méthode de Galerkin appliquée dans le domaine spectral, le simulateur 3-DHfss deHp, et la methode des éléments finis. Chaque outil analyse une structure planaire différente: une plaque dielectrique supportant des ondes de surface, une structure à fente caractérisée par ses parametrés de ligne de transmission, une structure coplanaire multicouches à penes dielectriques élevees et une ligne microruban en boîtier. Pour ces structures, lePve s’avére plus performant que les outils numériques, car sa nature variationnelle explicite permet d’atteindre une même précision tout en réduisant drastiquement le nombre d’itérations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

o|References

  1. Huynln (I.), Vander Vorst (A.). A new variational formulation, applicable to shielded and open mullilayered transmission lines with gyrotropic non-hermitian lossy media and lossless conductors,IEEE Trans. MTT,42, no. 11, pp. 2107–2111, (Nov. 1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Yamashita (E.). Variational method for the analysis of microstriplike transmission lines.IEEE Tram. MTT,16, no. 8, pp. 529–535, (Aug. 1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Essaaidi (M.), Boussouis (M.). Comparative study of the Galerkin and the least squares boundary residual method for the analysis of microwave integrated circuits.Microwave Opt. technol. Lett.,7, no. 3, pp. 141–146, (Mar. 1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Mesa (F. L.), Horno (M.). Quasi-TEM and full wave approach for coplanar multistrip lines including gyromagnetic media longitudinally magnetized.Microwave and Opt. Technol. Lett.,4, no. 12,pp. 531–534, (Nov. 1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Davies (J. B.),In Itoh (T.). Numerical methods for microwave and millimeter wave passive structures. New York:John Wiley & Sons, (1989). ch. 2, p. 91.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Jansen (R. H.). The spectral domain approach for microwave integrated circuits.IEEE Trans. MTT,33, no. 10, pp. 1043–1056, (Oct. 1985).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Das (N. K.), Pozar (D. M.). Full-wave spectral-domain computation of material, radiation, and guided wave losses in infinite multilayered printed transmission lines.IEEE Trans. MTT,39, no. 1. pp. 54–63, (Jan. 1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Harrington (R. R.). Time-harmonic electromagnetic fields. New York:Mc Graw-Hill, (1961), ch. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Itoh (T.), (Editor). Numerical methods for microwave and millimeter wave passive structures. New york:John Wiley & Sons, (1989), ch. 2 and 5.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Huynen (I.), Vanhoenacker-Janvier (D.), Vander Vorst (A.). Spectral domain form of new variational expression for very fast calculation of multilayered lossy planar line parameters.IEEE Trans. MTT.,42, no. 11, pp. 2099–2106, (Nov. 1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Daves (J. B.) IN Itoh (T.) Numerical methods for microwave and millimeter wave passive structures. New York:John Wiley &Sons, (1989), ch. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Raida (Z.). Comparative efficiency of semi-analytical and finiteelement methods for analyzing shielded planar lines,Internal Report, Microwaves Lab. UCL, (February 1997).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Huynen, I., Stockbroeckx, B. Variational principles compete with numerical iterative methods for analyzing distributed electromagnetic structures. Ann. Télécommun. 53, 95–103 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02998567

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02998567

Key words

Mots clés

Navigation