Abstract
Group communications, so-called multicast communications, have been introduced as early as 1986 as an efficient way to distribute on a large-scale basis data packets on the whole Internet. With the emergence of new applications driven by the increase of bandwidth in the networks (such as grid computing, large database replication, etc.), reliable multicast is foreseen to be one of the most challenging technologies of the next generation Internet. However, group communications are much more complex than point-to-point communications and solutions that have been implemented and deployed in the unicast world for ensuring reliability can not be so simply applied to the multicast area. Recently, a new paradigm proposes to dynamically add additional functionalities into the routers, thus enabling a whole new range of distributed control mechanisms as opposed to the traditional end-to-end form of control. In this paper, we summarize the various active networking and router-assisted solutions for reliable multicast to avoid or limit the scalability problems of end-to-end approaches for loss recovery, congestion control and heterogeneity support. Then, with the hypothesis that active networking could be deployed on a large scale, we present how this technology could solve the remaining bottlenecks of multicast on wide-area networks.
Résumé
Les communications de groupe, communément appelées communications par diffusion sélective (multicast), ont été introduites dès 1986 comme un moyen efficace pour distribuer à grande échelle des paquets sur l’Internet. L’augmentation de la bande passante dans les réseaux favorisant l’arrivée de nouvelles applications (telles que les grilles de calcul, la replication de grandes bases de données, etc.), la diffusion sélective fiable est un des défis les plus importants de l’Internet de nouvelle génération. Cependant, les communications de groupe sont beaucoup plus complexes que les communications point-à-point (unicast) et les solutions qui ont été implémentées et déployées dans le monde du point à point pour garantir la fiabilité ne peuvent pas être simplement reprises. Récemment, un nouveau paradigme qui propose d’ajouter dynamiquement des fonctionnalités dans les routeurs permet d’envisager toute une nouvelle famille d’algorithmes de commande distribuée par opposition avec les commandes de bout-en-bout plus traditionnelles. L’article présente les différentes solutions de diffusion sélective fiable se basant sur les réseaux actifs, ou à assistance par routeurs, pour limiter les problèmes d’extensibilité des approches traditionnelles de bout-en-bout en ce qui concerne la récupération après perte, la régulation de la congestion et la prise en compte de l’hétérogénéité. Ensuite, en prenant l’hypothèse que les réseaux actifs puissent être déployés à grande échelle, nous présentons comment cette technologie pourrait résoudre les points critiques qui restent pour fournir un support à la diffusion sélective dans un réseau de grande dimension.
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Maimour-Bouyoucef, M., Pham, C. A survey of active and router-assisted reliable multicast solutions. Ann. Télécommun. 59, 543–564 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03179687
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03179687
Key words
- Multicast
- State of the art
- Internet
- Point to multipoint communication
- Reliability
- Active telecommunication network
- Congestion control
- arq
- Heterogeneity