Skip to main content
Log in

Strukturieren mit Multitrees: Ein Fachkonzept zur verbesserten Navigation in Hypermedia

Structuring with multitrees: A technical concept for improved navigation in hypermedia

  • WI - Aufsatz
  • Published:
WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK

Abstract

Hypermedia are more and more common in business practice. Insufficient navigation frequently leads to the phenomenon of ‘lost in hyperspace’.

In addition to recent contributions in web-engineering, we suggest an assessment of navigational efforts in alternative structured hypermedia. The main advantage is its applicability previous to implementation. Different topologies are evaluated with respect to three criteria: movements burden and choices burden for the user, and the complexity of the resulting graphs. A sophisticated concept for structuring hypermedia by multi-trees is suggested. In contrast to competing concepts, e.g., the hyperbolic tree, the multi-tree offers improvements for both the provider as well as the user. The provider benefits from an increased flexibility for designing access paths. Moreover, the user takes advantage of decreased navigational efforts. The implementation of the concept is demonstrated by means of the prototype DYMU-tree.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  1. Barry, C.; Lang, M.: A Survey of Multimedia and Web Development Techniques and Methodology Usage. In: IEEE Multimedia 8 (2001), S. 52–60.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bonura, L. S.: The Art of Indexing. Wiley, New York 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Broder, A.; Kumar, R.; Maghoul, F.; Raghavan, P.; Rajagopalan, S.; Stata, R.; Tomikns, A.; Wiener, J.: Graph Structure in the Web. In: Computer Networks 33 (2000), S. 309–320.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Brusilovsky, P.: Methods and Techniques of Adaptive Hypermedia. In: User Modeling and User-Adapted Interactions 6 (1996), S. 87–129.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Büttgen, M.; Stachel, K.: Entwicklung eines Beurteilungsinstruments für gewerbliche Internet-Auftritte. Arbeitspapier 39 des Seminars für allgemeine BWL, Marktforschung und Marketing, Universität zu Köln 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Casteleyn, S.; De Troyer, O.: Exploiting Link Types during the Web Site Design Process to Enhance Usability of Web Sites. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Web Oriented Software Technology 2002, Malaga. http://wise.vub.ac.be/Download/Papers/IWWOST2002.PDF, Abruf am 2003-09-09.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Card, S.; Moran, T.; Newell, A.: The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Canter, D.; Rivers, R.; Storrs, G.: Characterizing User Navigation Through Complex Data Structures. In: Behaviour and Information Technology 4 (1985), S. 93–102.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Csikszentmihalyi, M.: Beyond Boredom and Anxiety. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dachselt, R.; Ebert, J.: Collapsible Cylindrical Trees: A Fast Hierarchical Navigation Technique. In: IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization. San Diego 2001, S. 79–86. Online publication: http://computer.org/proceedings/infovis/1342/1342toc.htm, Abruf am 2003-10-10.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Danielson, D. R.: Important Works for Web Navigation. http://www.stanford.edu/~davidd/navigation/shortRefList.htm, Abruf am 2003-09-10.

  12. Darken, R. P.; Sibert, J. L.: A Toolset for Navigation in Virtual Environments. In: Proceedings of the ACM User Interface Software and Technology. ACM, Atlanta 1993, S. 157–165.

    Google Scholar 

  13. De Bra, P.: Using Hypertext Metrics to Measure Research Output Levels. In: Scientometrics 47 (2000), S. 227–236.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Di Battista, G.; Tollis, I.; Tollis, L.: Graph Drawing: Algorithms for the Visualization of Graphs. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Dolog, P.; Bielikov, M.: A Hypermedia Systems Modelling Framework. In: Computing and Informatics 21 (2002), S. 221–239.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Elvins, T. T.: VisFiles, Wayfinding 2: The Lost World. In: Computer Graphics 31 (1997), S. 9–12.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Fogg, B. J.; Soohoo, C.; Danielson, D. R., Marable, L.; Stanford, J.; Tauber, E. R.: How do Users Evaluate the Credibility of Web Sites? A Study with Over 2,500 Participants. In: Proceedings of Designing for User Experiences. O.V., San Francisco 2003. http://www.aiga.org/resources/content/9/7/8/documents/fogg.pdf, Abruf am 2003-09-09.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Furnas, G. W.; Zacks, J.: Multitrees: Enriching and Reusing Hierarchical Structure. In: Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 1994 Conference Proceedings. ACM, Boston 1994, S. 330–336.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Grüne, M.; Kneuper, R.: Web Engineering. In: WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK 44 (2002), S. 269–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Harrington, J. E.: Comment on “Reducing Buyer Search Costs: Implications for Electronic Marketplaces”. In: Management Science 47 (2001) 12, S. 1727–1732.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Herman, I.; Melançon, G.; Marshall, M. S.: Graph Visualization and Navigation in Information Visualization: A Survey. In: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computergraphics 6 (2000), S. 24–43.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Herder, E.: Metrics for the Adaptation of Site Structure. In: Proceedings of the German Workshop on Adaptivity and User Modeling in Interactive Systems (ABIS02). O.V., Hannover 2002, S. 22–26. http://wwwhome.cs.utwente.nl/~herder/research/papers/metrics_for_the_adaptation_of_site_structure.pdf, Abruf am 2003-10-10.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Hoffman, D. L.; Novak, T. P.: Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environments: Conceptual Foundations. In: Journal of Marketing 60 (1996), S. 50–68.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Inxight: Inxight Star Tree Studio 3.0. http://www.inxight.com/products/stsv.php, Abruf am 2003-08-12.

  25. Kashihara, A.; Satake, Y.; Toyoda, J.: A History Visualization for Learning-by-Exploration in Hypermedia on WWW. In: Proceedings of WebNet 98. O.V., Orlando 1998, S. 497–502.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kreger, H.: Web Services Conceptual Architecture. (WSCA 1.0), http://www-4.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/WSCA.pdf, Abruf am 2003-08-12.

  27. Kurbel, K.; Twardoch, A.: Aktuelle Multimedia-Technologien zur Gestaltung von WWW-Seiten. In: WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK 42 (2000) 3, S. 253–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Meyer, C.; Rauterberg, M.; Strässler, M.: Ein Bewertungsschema für HyperText-Systeme und ein vergleichender Überblick über Hyper-Ties, HyperPad, HyperCard und Guide. In: Encarnaçao, J. (Hrsg.): Proceedings GI-21. Springer, Berlin 1991, S. 554–565.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Miller, G. A.: The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for Processing Information. In: The Psychological Review 63 (1956), S. 81–97.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Nielsen, J.: Nielsen Alert Box: Top Ten Mistakes inWeb Design. http://www.useit.com/alertbox/9605.html, Abruf am 2003-03-27.

  31. Nielsen, J.: Designing Web Usability. 2. Aufl., New Riders Publishing, Indianapolis 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Noller, S.: Navigation in komplexen Hypertextsystemen — einWebexperiment mit unterschiedlichen Visualisierungstools. http://www.psych.uni-goettingen.de/congress/gor-2001/contrib/abstracts.html, Abruf am 2002-08-20.

  33. Ohler, P.; Nieding, G.: Kognitive Modellierung der Textverarbeitung und der Informationssuche im World Wide Web. In: Batinic, B. (Hrsg.): Internet für Psychologen. 2. Aufl., Hofgrefe, Göttingen 2000, S. 219–240.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Otter, M.; Johnson, H.: Lost in Hyperspace: Metrics and Mental Models. In: Interacting with Computers 13 (2000), S. 1–40.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Pauen, P.; Six H.-W.: Defizite und Lösungsansätze. In: Softwaretechnische Anforderungen an multimediale Lehr-und Lernsysteme, Forschergruppe SofTec NRW. http://www.informatik.fernuni-hagen.de/import/pi3/PDFs/SpezifikationsansaetzePauen.pdf, Abruf am 2003-08-01.

  36. Pirolli, P.; Card, S. K.; Van Der Wege, M. M.: The Effect of Information Scent on Searching Information Visualizations of Large Tree Structures. In: Advanced Visual Interfaces. ACM, Palermo 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Riedl, J.; Busch, M.: Marketing Kommunikation in Online-Medien. In: Marketing Zeitschrift für die Praxis 19 (1997) 3, S. 163–176.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Russel, M.: Fortune 500 Revisited: Current Trends in Sitemap Design. In: Usability News, 4.2 (2002). http://psychology.wichita.edu/surl/usabilitynews/42/sitemaps.htm, Abruf am 2003-09-09.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Ryall, K.; Marks, J.; Shieber, S.: An Interactive Constraint-Based System for Drawing Graphs. In: Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST 97), Banff, S. 97-104.

  40. Schackmann, J.; Schü, J.: Personalisierte Portale. In: WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK 43 (2001) 3, S. 623–625.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Segdewick, R.: Algorithmen. Addison-Wesley, München 2002.

  42. Shneiderman, B.: Designing the User Interface. 3. Aufl., Addison-Wesley, Reading 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Smith, P. A.: Towards a Practical Measure of Hypertext Usability. In: Interacting with Computers 8 (1996), S. 365–381.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Stigler, G.: The Economics of Information. In: Journal of Political Economy 69 (1961), S. 213–225.

    Google Scholar 

  45. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). http://www.w3.org/, Abruf am 2003-09-14.

  46. Wu, H.; De Bra, P.; Aetrs, A.; Houben, G.-J.: Adaption Control in Adaptive Hypermedia Systems. In: Lecture Notes in Computers Science 1892 (2000), S. 250–259.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Weinberg, P.; Diehl, S.; Terlutter, R.: Konsumentenverhalten angewandt. Vahlen, München 2003.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Feldmann, M., Wagner, R. Strukturieren mit Multitrees: Ein Fachkonzept zur verbesserten Navigation in Hypermedia. Wirtschaftsinf 45, 589–598 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03250922

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03250922

Keywords

Navigation