Abstract
A tree pattern is a structured pattern known as a term in formal logic, and a tree pattern language is the set of trees which are the ground instances of a tree pattern. In this paper, we deal with the class of tree languages whose language is defined as a union of at most k tree pattern languages, where k is an arbitrary fixed positive number. In particular, We present a polynomial time algorithm that, given a finite set of trees, to find a set of tree patterns that defines a minimal union of at most k tree pattern languages containing the given set. The algorithm can be considered as a natural extension of Plotkin's anti-unification algorithm, which finds a minimal single tree pattern language containing the given set. By using the algorithm, we can realize a consistent and conservative polynomial time inference machine that identifies the class of unions of k tree pattern languages in the limit from positive data for every k > 0.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
D. Angluin. Finding common patterns to a set of strings. In Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 130–141, 1979.
D. Angluin. Finding common patterns to a set of strings. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, Vol. 21, pp. 46–62, 1980.
D. Angluin. Inductive inference of formal languages from positive data. Information and Control, Vol. 45, pp. 117–135, 1980.
H. Arimura, T. Shinohara, and S. Otsuki. Polynomial time inference of unions of tree pattern languages. In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Algorithmic Learning Theory, pp. 105–114, 1991. to appear in IEICE trans. Inf. & Syst, 1992, printed in Japan.
K.P. Jantke and H-R. Beick. Combining postulates of naturalness in inductive inference. Elektron. Informationsverarb. Kybern., Vol. 17, pp. 465–484, 1981.
P. C. Kanellakis. Logic programming and parallel complexity. In J. Minker, editor, Foundations of Deductive Databases and Logic Programming, pp. 547–585. Morgan Kaufmann, 1988.
J-L. Lassez and K. Marriott. Explicit representation of terms defined by counter examples. Journal of Automated Reasoning, Vol. 3, pp. 301–317, 1986.
J-L. Lassez, M.J. Maher, and K. Marriott. Unification revisited. In J. Minker, editor, Foundations of Deductive Databases and Logic Programming, pp. 587–625. Morgan Kaufmann, 1988.
S. Lange and R. Wiehagen. Polynomial-time inference of pattern languages. New Generation Computing, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 361–370, 1991.
Y. Mukouchi. Characterization of pattern languages. In Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Algorithmic Learning Theory, pp. 93–104, Tokyo, 1991.
L. Pitt. Inductive inference, DFAs, and computational complexity. In K. P. Jantke, editor, Proceedings of International Workshop on Analogical and Inductive Inference, pp. 18–44, 1989. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 397.
G. Plotkin. A note on inductive generalization. In B. Meltzer and D. Mitchie, editors, Machine Intelligence, volume 5, pp. 153–163. Edinburgh University Press, 1970.
T. Shinohara. Inferring unions of two pattern languages. Bulletin of Informatics and Cybernetics, Vol. 20, pp. 83–88, 1983.
K. Wright. Identification of unions of languages drawn from an identifiable class. In Proceedings of the 2nd Annual Workshop on Computational Learning Theory, pp. 328–333, 1989.
K. Wright. Inductive Inference of Pattern Languages. PhD thesis, University of Pittsburgh, 1989.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Arimura, H., Shinohara, T., Otsuki, S. (1993). A polynomial time algorithm for finding finite unions of tree pattern languages. In: Brewka, G., Jantke, K.P., Schmitt, P.H. (eds) Nonmonotonic and Inductive Logic. NIL 1991. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 659. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0030389
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0030389
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-56433-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47557-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive