Abstract
This study examines the effect of imposing a spatial dynamic on a population of artificial adaptive agents playing the repeated prisoner's dilemma. We report the results of simulating the increasing and independent localisation of both interaction and learning. Results indicate that both localisations strongly effect the evolution of cooperation. The localisation of learning promotes cooperation, while the localisation of interaction as an ambiguous effect on it. The results seem to suggest a dynamic inter-dependence between the variables.
The authors wish to thank Shaun Hargreaves Heap, John Miller, George Smith, Bob Sugden as well as participants of the SFI 1995 Graduate Workshop in Computational Economics.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
R.J. Aumann. Survey of repeated games. In Essays in Game Theory and Mathematical Economics. Bibliographgisches Institut Mannheim, 1981.
R. Axelrod. The Evolution of Cooperation. Penguin Books, 1984.
R. Axelrod and D. Dion. The further evolution of cooperation. Science, 242, 1988.
R. Axelrod and W.D. Hamilton. The evolution of cooperation. Science, 211:379–403, 1980.
J. Bendor, R.M. Kramer, and S. Stout. When in doubt: Cooperation in a noisy prisoner's dilemma. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 35(4), 1991.
K.G. Binmore and L. Samuelson. Evolutionary stability in repeated games played by finite automata. Journal of Economic Theory, 57, 1992.
G. Ellison. Learning, local interaction, and coordination. Econometrica, 61(5), 1993.
B. Feldman and K. Nagel. Lattice games with strategic takeover. In L. Nadel and D. Stein, editors, 1992 Lectures in Complex Systems. Addison-Wesley, 1993.
J. Hirshleifer and J. Martinez Coll. What strategies can support the evolutionary emergence of cooperation? Journal of Conflict Resolution, 32(2), 1988.
J.R. Hoffmann. The evolution of cooperation revisited. Technical Report 9507, The Economics Research Centre, University of East Anglia, 1995.
J.R. Hoffmann. The ecology of cooperation. Discussion Paper, School of Management and Finance, University of Nottingham, 1996.
J. Holland. The effect of labels (tags) on social interactions. Working Paper 93-10-064, Santa Fe Institute, 1993.
J. Holland and J.H. Miller. Artificial adaptive agents in economic theory. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 81(2), 1991.
A. Kapsalis, G.D. Smith, and V.J. Rayward-Smith. A unified paradigm for parallel genetic algorithms. In T.C. Fogarty, editor, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 865, pages 131–149. Springer Verlang, 1994.
O. Kirchkamp. Spatial evolution of automata in the prisoners' dilemma. University of Bonn, 1995.
J.H. Miller. The coevolution of automata in the repeated prisoner's dilemma. Working Paper 89–003, Santa Fe Institute, 1989.
U. Mueller. Optimal retaliation for optimal cooperation. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 31(4), 1988.
J. H. Nachbar. Evolution in the finitely repeated prisoner's dilemma. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 19, 1992.
M.A. Nowak and R.M. May. The spatial dilemmas of evolution. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 3(1), 1992a.
M.A. Nowak and R.M. May. Evolutionary games and spatial chaos. Nature, 359, 1992b.
B.R. Routledge. Co-evolution and spatial interaction. University of British Columbia, 1993.
A. Rubinstein. Finite automata in the repeated prisoner's dilemma. Journal of Economic Theory, 39, 1986.
K. Sigmund. Games of Life. Oxford University Press, 1993.
E.A. Stanley, D. Ashlock, and L. Tesfatsion. Iterated prisoner's dilemma with choice and refusal of partners. In C.G. Langton, editor, Artificial Life III. Santa Fe Institute, Addison-Wesley, 1994.
V.J. Vanberg and R.D. Congleton. Rationality, morality and exit. American Political Science Review, 86(2), 1992.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hoffmann, R., Waring, N. (1996). The simulation of localised interaction and learning in artificial adaptive agents. In: Fogarty, T.C. (eds) Evolutionary Computing. AISB EC 1996. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1143. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0032785
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0032785
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-61749-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-70671-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive