Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Case-based reasoning and model-based knowledge-acquisition

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Contemporary Knowledge Engineering and Cognition

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 622))

Abstract

This chapter outlines two different yet complementary approaches to enhance cognitive adequacy in the process of knowledge engineering: model-based knowledge acquisition and case-based reasoning. Although both differ with respect to methods, goals and scientific background, arguments are advanced that a linkage of both approaches will result in a significant contribution to the methodology of knowledge acquisition for expert systems. To combine case-based reasoning techniques with conventional rule-based approaches poses the problem of when to use which technique. A conceptual framework for turn taking in problem solving is outlined that involves both heuristics of turn taking and architectural options for knowledge-based systems that impose constraints on turn taking.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliography

  • Anderson, J. R., Farrell, R., & Sauers, R. (1984). Learning to program LISP. Cognitive Science, 8, 87–129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bareiss, R., & King, J. A. (1989). Similarity assessment in case-based reasoning. In DARPA (Ed.), Proceedings of a Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning (pp. 67–71). Holiday Inn, Pensacola Beach, Florida, May 31–June 2, 1989. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartsch-Spörl, B. (1991). KADS for (all) Cases. In B. Ueberreiter & A. Voß (Eds.), Materialien KADS Benutzer Treffen. München: Siemens.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, B. (1991). Gibtes eine Methodologie der KI? Vortrag gehalten auf der 10. Frühjahrsschule Künstiche Intelligenz. 2.3–10.3.1991. Günne.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boose, J. & Bradshaw, J. (1987). Expertise transfer and complex problems: using AQUINAS as a knowledge acquisition workbench for knowledge-based systems. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 26, 3–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brehmer, B. (1980). In one word: Not from experience. Acta Psychologica, 45, 223–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breuker, J., & Wielinga, B. (1987). Use of models in the interpretation of verbal data. In A. L. Kidd (Ed.), Knowledge acquisition for Expert Systems: A practical handbook (pp. 17–44). Pitman: London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breuker & Wielinga (1989). Models of expertise in knowledge acquisition. In G. Guida, & C. Tasso (Eds), Topics in expert system design (pp. 265–295). Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breuker, J., Wielinga, B., van Someren, M., de Hoog, R., Schreiber, G., de Greef, P., Bredeweg, B., Wielemaker, J. Billaut, J.-P., Davoodi, M, & Hayward, S. (1987). Model-driven knowledge acquisition: Interpretation models. Deliverable task AI, Esprit Project 1098, Memo 87, VF Project Knowledge Acquisition in Formal Domains.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breuker, J., & Wielinga, B. (1989). Models of expertise in knowledge acquisition. In G. Guida, & C. Tasso (Eds.), Topics in expert system desing: Methodologies and Tools. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brooks, L. R. (1987). Decentralized control of categorization: The role of prior episodes. In U. Neisser (Ed.), Concepts and conceptual development (pp. 141–174). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caplan, L. J., & Schooler, C. (1990). Problem solving by reference to rules or previous episodes: The effects of organized training, analogical models, and subsequent complexity of experience. Memory & Cognition, 18, 215–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carbonell, J. (1983). Learning by analogy: Formulating and generalizing plans from past experience. In R. Michalski, J. Carbonell, & T. Mitchell (Eds.), Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach (pp. 137–161). Palo Alto: Tioga Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceci, S. J., & Liker, J. K.. (1986). A day at the races: A study of IQ, expertise, and cognitive complexity. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 115, 255–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christaller, T., Güsgen, H.-W., Hertzberg, J., Linster, M., Voß, A., & Voß, H. (1988). Expertise und ihre Modellierung auf dem Rechner. etz, 109, 1002–1006.

    Google Scholar 

  • DARPA (Ed.). (1989). Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning, Holyday Inn, Pensacola Beach, Florida. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • di Piazza, J. S., & Helsabeck, F. A. (1990). Laps: Cases to models to complete expert systems. AI Magazine, 11(3), 80–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Enzensberger, H. M. (1991). Hitlers Wiedergänger. Der Spiegel, 45 (6), 26–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falkenhainer, B., Forbus, K. D., & Gentner, D. (1990). The structure-mapping engine: Algorithm and examples. Artificial Intelligence, 41, 1–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feigenbaum, E. A. (1984). Knowledge engineering: The applied side of artificial intelligence. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 246, 91–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glaser, R. (1986). On the nature of expertise In F. Klix, & H. Hagendorf (Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities (pp. 915–928). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • F. Hayes-Roth, D. Waterman, & D. Lenat (Eds.). (1983). Building expert systems. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hinrichs, T. R. (1988). Towards an architecture for open world problem solving. In Proceedings of a Workshop on Case-based Reasoning, Holyday Inn, Clearwater, Florida (182–189). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, R. R. (1987). The problem of extracting the knowledge of experts from the perspective of experimental psychology. AI Magazine, Summer 1987, 53–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holyoak, K. J., & Thagard, P. (1989). Analogical mapping by constraint satisfaction. Cognitive Science, 13, 295–355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, P. (1986). Introduction to Expert Systems. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karbach, W. (1989). Modellbasierte Wissensakquisition. KI, 4, 13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karbach, W., Linster, M., Voß, A. (1989). OFFICE-Plan: Tackling the synthesis frontier. In Proceedings of GWAI (pp. 379–387). Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karbach, W., Voß, A., & Tong, X. (1988). Filling in the knowledge acquisition gap: Via KADS's models of expertise to ZDEST-2′s expert systems. In Proceedings of the Second European Knowledge acquisition workshop, 31:1–17. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolodner, J. L. (Ed.). (1988). Proceedings of a Workshop on Case-based Reasoning, Holyday Inn, Clearwater, Florida. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolodner, J. L., & Simpson, R. L. (1986). Problem solving and dynamic memory. In J. L. Kolodner & C. K. Riesbeck (Eds.), Experience, memory and reasoning (pp. 99–114). Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koton, P. (1988). Reasoning about evidence in causal explanations. In Proceedings of a Workshop on Case-based Reasoning, Holyday Inn, Clearwater, Florida (pp. 260–270). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, D., Leslie, J., & Schooler, C. (1990). Problem solving by reference to rules or previous episodes: The effect of organized training, analogical models, and subsequent complexity of experience. Memory & Cognition, 18, 215–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurbel, K. (1989). Entwicklung und Einsatz von Expertensystemen. Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minsky, M. (1985). The society of mind. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Musen, M. A. (1989). Automated Generation of model-based knowledge acquisition tools. Pitman: London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neustadt, R., & May, E. (1986). Thinking in time: The use of history for decision makers. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norman, D. A. (1983). Some observations on mental models. In D. Gentner, & A. Stevens (Eds.), Mental Models. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Osherson, D. N. (1987). New axioms for the contrast model of similarity. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 31, 93–103.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Pfitzner, K. (1990). Die Auswahl von Bibliothekslösungen mittels induzierter Problemklassen. In Beiträge zum 4. Workshop Planen und Konfigurieren, Ulm, Mai 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pressman, R. S. (1987). Software engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raaijmakers, J. G. W., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1981). Search of associative memory. Psychological Review, 88, 93–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reed, S. K., Dempster, A., & Ettinger, M. (1985). Usefullness of analogous solutions for solving algebra word problems. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 11, 106–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Riesbeck, C. K. (1988). An interface for case-based knowledge acquisition. In J. L. Kolodner (Ed.), Proceedings of a Workshop on Case-based Reasoning, Holyday Inn, Clearwater, Florida (pp. 312–326). San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riesbeck, C. K., & Schank, R. C. (1989). Inside case-based reasoning. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rissland, E. L. (1986). Learning how to argue: Using hypotheticals. In J. L. Kolodner & C. K. Riesbeck (Eds.), Experience, memory and reasoning. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rissland, E. L., & Skalag, D. B., (1989). Combining case-based and rule-based reasoning: A heuristic approach. In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence 1989, August 1989, Detroit.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, B. H. (1984). Remindings and their effects in learning a cognitive skill. Cognitive Psychology, 16, 371–416.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Selfridge, O. G. (1959). Pademonium. A paradigm for learning. In The mechanisms of thought processes. London: H. M. Stationery Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shavlik, J. W., DeJong, G. F., & Ross, B. H. (1987). Acquiring special case schemata in explanation-based learning. Proceedings of the Ninth International Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 851–860). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmalhofer, F. & Bergmann, R. (1990). Case-based knowledge acquisition: Extending expert problem solutions for technical planning tasks. Paper presented at the GI-Workshop Knowledge Engineering. Berlin 26.4–27.4.1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, A. (1989). Software-Lifecycle und Vorgehensmodelle. Angewandte Informatik, 4, 137–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shavlik, J. W., DeJong, G. F., & Ross, B. H. (1987). Acquiring special case schemata in explanation-based learning. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 851–860). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strube, G. (1989). Episodisches Wissen. Arbeitspapiere der GMD, 385, 10–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strube, G., & Janetzko, D. (1990). Episodisches Wissen und fallbasiertes Schließen: Aufgaben für die Wissensdiagnostik und die Wissenspsychologie. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 49, 211–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thagard, P., & Holyoak, K. J. (1989). Why indexing is the wrong way. In DARPA (Ed.), Proceedings of a Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning (pp. 36–40). Holiday Inn, Pensacola Beach, Florida, May 31–June 2, 1989. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tulving, E., & Thompson, D. M. (1973). Encoding specifity and retrieval processes in episodic memory. Psychological Review, 80, 352–373.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ueberreiter, B. & Voß, A. (1991). (Eds.) Materialien KADS Benutzer Treffen. München: Siemens.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voss, J. F., Greene, T. R., Post, T. A., & Penner, B. C. (1983). Problem solving in the social. In G. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research theory. New York Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voß, A., Karbach, W., Drouven, U., Lorek, D., & Schukey, R. (1990). Operationalization of a synthetic problem. Task 1.2.1 Report. ESPRIT Basic Research Project P3178 REFLECT. Bonn: Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wielinga, & Breuker (1984). Interpretation models for knowledge acquisition. In T. O'Shea (Ed.), Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wielinga, B., & Breuker, J. (1986). Models of expertise In Proceedings of the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Brighton, 1986 (pp. 306–318).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wippich, W. (1982). Erinnerungen erinnern: Ein automatischer Vorgang? Zeitschrift für experimentelle und angewandte Psychologie, 29, 517–530.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Cognitive Science, University of Freiburg, Germany

    Dietmar Janetzko & Gerhard Strube

Authors
  1. Dietmar Janetzko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gerhard Strube
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Franz Schmalhofer Gerhard Strube Thomas Wetter

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Janetzko, D., Strube, G. (1992). Case-based reasoning and model-based knowledge-acquisition. In: Schmalhofer, F., Strube, G., Wetter, T. (eds) Contemporary Knowledge Engineering and Cognition. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 622. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0045683

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0045683

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-55711-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47277-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation