Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in

A Fast FPGA-Based BCD Adder

  • Published:
Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The binary-coded decimal (BCD) being the more accurate and human-readable representation with ease of conversion is prevailing in the computing and electronic communication. In this paper, a tree-structured parallel BCD addition algorithm is proposed with the reduced time complexity \(O(N(\log _2b)+(N-1))\), where N = number of digits and b = number of bits in a digit. BCD adder is more effective with a lookup table (LUT)-based design, due to field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology’s enumerable benefits and applications. A size-minimal and depth-minimal LUT-based BCD adder circuit construction is the main contribution of this paper. The proposed parallel BCD adder gains a radical achievement compared to the existing best known LUT-based BCD adders. The proposed BCD adder is coded in VHDL and implemented in a Virtex-6 platform targeting XC6VLX75T Xilinx FPGA with a \(-3\) speed grade by using ISE 13.1. The proposed BCD adder provides prominent better performance with 20.0% reduction in area and 41.32% reduction in delay for the post-layout simulation. Since the proposed circuit is improved in both area and delay parameter, it is 53.06% efficient in terms of area-delay product compared to the best known existing BCD adder, which is surely a significant achievement. Moreover, the proposed design consumes 34.28% less power in comparison with existing best known approach at a clock frequency of 200 MHz and a reference voltage of 5 V.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. O. Al-Khaleel, M. Al-Khaleel, Z. Al-QudahJ, C.A. Papachristou, K. Mhaidat, F.G. Wolff, Fast binary/decimal adder/subtractor with a novel correction-free bcd addition, in 2011 18th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems, pp. 455–459 (2011)

  2. O.D. Al-Khaleel, N.H. Tuli, K.M. Mhaidat, Fpga implementation of binary coded decimal digit adders and multipliers, in 2012 8th International Symposium on Mechatronics and its Applications, pp. 1–5 (2012)

  3. A. Benoit, H. Larchevque, P. Renaud-Goud, Optimal algorithms and approximation algorithms for replica placement with distance constraints in tree networks, in 2012 IEEE 26th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, pp. 1022–1033 (2012)

  4. G. Bioul, M. Vazquez, J.P. Deschamps, G. Sutter, Decimal addition in fpga, in 5th Southern Conference on Programmable Logic, 2009. SPL (IEEE, 2009), pp. 101–108

  5. G. Bioul, M. Vazquez, J.P. Deschamps, G. Sutter, High-speed fpga 10’s complement adders–subtractors. Int. J. Reconfig. Comput. 2010, 4:2 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. S. Gao, D. Al-Khalili, N. Chabini, An improved bcd adder using 6-lut fpgas, in: 10th IEEE International NEWCAS Conference, pp. 13–16 (2012)

  7. L. Han, S.B. Ko, High-speed parallel decimal multiplication with redundant internal encodings. IEEE Trans. Comput. 62(5), 956–968 (2013)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Inc (Si2) Silicon Integration Initiative, Cmos 45 nm open cell library, in http://www.si2.org/openeda.si2org/projects/nangatelib. Access date: 14 March (2017)

  9. S. Mishra, G. Verma, Low power and area efficient implementation of bcd adder on fpga, in: 2013 International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication (ICSC) (IEEE, 2013), pp. 461–465

  10. Y. Ning, Z. Guo, S. Shen, B. Peng, Design of data acquisition and storage system based on the fpga, in Procedia Engineering. International Workshop on Information and Electronics Engineering, vol. 29, pp. 2927–2931 (2012)

  11. J.M. Pierre Langlois, S. Gao, D. Al-Khalili, N. Chabini, Efficient realization of bcd multipliers using fpgas. Int. J. Reconfig. Comput. 2017, 2927–2931 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  12. K. Pocek, R. Tessier, A. DeHon, Birth and adolescence of reconfigurable computing: a survey of the first 20 years of field-programmable custom computing machines, in 2013 IEEE 21st Annual International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines, pp. 1–17 (2013)

  13. C. Sundaresan, C.V.S. Chaitanya, P.R. Venkateswaran, S. Bhat, J. Mohan Kumar, High speed bcd adder, in Proceedings of the 2011 2nd International Congress on Computer Applications and Computational Science ed. by F.L. Gaol, Q.V. Nguyen (Springer, Berlin 2012), pp. 113–118

  14. G. Sutter, E. Todorovich, G. Bioul, M. Vazquez, J.P. Deschamps, Fpga implementations of bcd multipliers, in 2009 International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs, pp. 36–41 (2009)

  15. Z.T. Sworna, M. Ul Haque, H.M. Hasan Babu, A lut-based matrix multiplication using neural networks, in 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), pp. 1982–1985 (2016)

  16. Z.T. Sworna, M. Ul Haque, N. Tara, H.M. Hasan Babu, A.K. Biswas, Low-power and area efficient binary coded decimal adder design using a look up table-based field programmable gate array. IET Circuits Devices Syst. 10(3), 163–172 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Vazquez, F. De Dinechin, Multi-operand decimal adder trees for FPGAs. Ph.D. thesis, INRIA (2010)

  18. M. Vazquez, G. Sutter, G. Bioul, J.-P. Deschamps, Decimal adders/subtractors in fpga: efficient 6-input lut implementations, in International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs, 2009. ReConFig’09 (IEEE, 2009), pp. 42–47

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Mubin Ul Haque, Zarrin Tasnim Sworna & Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu

  2. The University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA

    Ashis Kumer Biswas

Authors
  1. Mubin Ul Haque
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zarrin Tasnim Sworna
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ashis Kumer Biswas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ul Haque, M., Sworna, Z.T., Hasan Babu, H.M. et al. A Fast FPGA-Based BCD Adder. Circuits Syst Signal Process 37, 4384–4408 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-018-0770-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-018-0770-3

Keywords