Abstract
This paper presents a double fractional order LMS algorithm (DFOLMS) based on fractional order difference and fractional order gradient, in which a variable initial value strategy is introduced to ensure the convergence accuracy of the algorithm. Through a model approximation, the DFOLMS is transformed into two fractional order difference models to analyze its convergence and steady-state properties indirectly. It is shown that the DFOLMS has different convergence characteristics in different difference intervals; meanwhile, a larger difference order \(\alpha \) and gradient order \(\beta \) would lead to a faster convergence speed but a larger steady-state noise. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed DFOLMS are demonstrated by simulation examples.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
T. Abdeljawad, F. Jarad, D. Baleanu, A semigroup-like property for discrete Mittag–Leffler functions. Adv. Differ. Equ. 2012(1), 1–7 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-1847-2012-72
R.K. Agarwal, I. Hussain, B. Singh, Application of LMS-based NN structure for power quality enhancement in a distribution network under abnormal conditions. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. 29(5), 1598–1607 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2017.2677961
M.T. Akhtar, M.A.Z. Raja, Fractional processing-based active noise control algorithm for impulsive noise, in IEEE China Summit and International Conference on Signal and Information Processing (2015), p. 10–14
F. Albu, H.K. Kwan, Combined echo and noise cancellation based on Gauss-Seidel pseudo affine projection algorithm, in 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems Conference vol. 3(Vancouver, Canada, 2004), p. 505–508
F. Albu, C. Paleologu, J. Benesty, S. Ciochina, A low complexity proportionate affine projection algorithm for echo cancellation, in 18th European Signal Processing Conference (Aalborg, Denmark, 2010), p. 6–10
A. Bonfanti, J.L. Kaplan, G. Charras, A. Kabla, Fractional viscoelastic models for power-law materials. Soft Matter. 16(26), 6002–6020 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/D0SM00354A
N.I. Chaudhary, M.S. Aslam, D. Baleanu, M.A.Z. Raja, Design of sign fractional optimization paradigms for parameter estimation of nonlinear Hammerstein systems. Neural Comput. Appl. 32(12), 8381–8399 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-019-04328-0
N.I. Chaudhary, R. Latif, M.A.Z. Raja, J.A.T. Machado, An innovative fractional order LMS algorithm for power signal parameter estimation. Appl. Math. Model. 83, 703–718 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2020.03.014
J.F. Cheng, Theory of Fractional Difference Equations (Xiamen University Press, Xiamen, 2011)
S.S. Cheng, Y.H. Wei, Y.Q. Chen, Y. Li, Y. Wang, An innovative fractional order LMS based on variable initial value and gradient order. Signal Process. 133, 260–269 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2016.11.026
S.S. Cheng, Y.H. Wei, Y.Q. Chen, S. Liang, Y. Wang, A universal modified LMS algorithm with iteration order hybrid switching. ISA Trans. 67, 67–75 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2016.11.019
S.S. Cheng, Y.H. Wei, B. Du, Q. Liang, Y. Wang, A novel modified fractional order LMS algorithm, in 32nd Youth Academic Annual Conference of Chinese Association of Automation (Heifei, China, 2017), p. 531–536
Y.D. Chu, J.T. Fei, S.X. Hou, Adaptive global sliding-mode control for dynamic systems using double hidden layer recurrent neural network structure. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. 31(4), 1297–1309 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2019.2919676
T. Fan, Y. Lin, A variable step-size strategy based on error function for sparse system identification. Circ. Syst. Signal Process. 36(3), 1301–1310 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-016-0344-1
A.A. Hameed, N. Ajlouni, Z. Orman, A. Ozyavas, Investigating the effectiveness of adaptive step size LMS algorithms for use with VoIP applications. ELECTRICA 20(2), 116–123 (2020). https://doi.org/10.5152/electrica.2020.19080
B. Jalal, X.P. Yang, Q.H. Liu, T. Long, T.K. Sarkar, Fast and robust variable-step-size LMS algorithm for adaptive beamforming. IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. 19(7), 1026–1210 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2020.2995244
M.P.A. Jeeva, T. Nagarajan, P. Vijayalakshmi, Adaptive multi-band filter structure-based far-end speech enhancement. IET Signal Proc. 14(5), 288–299 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-spr.2019.0226
F.F. Kretschmer, B.L. Lewis, An improved algorithm for adaptive processing. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. AES–14(1), 172–177 (1978). https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.1978.308591
J.L. Li, G. Liu, S.Q. Zheng, P.L. Cui, Q. Chen, Micro-Jitter control of magnetically suspended control moment gyro using adaptive LMS algorithm. IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst. 27(1), 327–335 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1109/TMECH.2021.3063722
M. Li, L.P. Li, H.M. Tai, Variable step size LMS algorithm based on function control. Circ. Syst. Signal Process. 32(6), 3121–3130 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-013-9598-z
A.M. Lopes, J.A.T. Machado, C.M.A. Pinto, A.M.S.F. Galhano, Fractional dynamics and MDS visualization of earthquake phenomena. Comput. Math. Appl. 66(5), 647–658 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2013.02.003
V. Mehandiratta, M. Mehra, G. Leugering, An approach based on Haar wavelet for the approximation of fractional calculus with application to initial and boundary value problems. Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 44(4), 3195–3213 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.6800
C.A. Monje, Y.Q. Chen, B.M. Vinagre, D.Y. Xue, V. Feliu, Fractional-Order Systems and Controls (Springer, London, 2010)
C. Qiu, Z.Y. Dong, W.X. Yan, G.B. Qian, Fractional-order complex correntropy algorithm for adaptive filtering in alpha-stable environment. Electron. Lett. 57(21), 813–815 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.12271
S.M. Shah, Riemann–Liouville operator-based fractional normalised least mean square algorithm with application to decision feedback equalisation of multipath channels. IET Signal Proc. 10(6), 575–582 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-spr.2014.0210
S.M. Shah, R. Samar, N.M. Khan, M.A.Z. Raja, Design of fractional-order variants of complex LMS and NLMS algorithms for adaptive channel equalization. Nonlinear Dyn. 88(2), 839–858 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-016-3279-y
S.M. Shah, R. Samar, M.A.Z. Raja, J.A. Chambers, Fractional normalised filtered-error least mean squares algorithm for application in active noise control systems. Electron. Lett. 50(14), 973–975 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2014.1275
N. Shlezinger, K. Todros, R. Dabora, Adaptive filtering based on time-averaged MSE for cyclostationary signals. IEEE Trans. Commun. 65(4), 1746–1761 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2017.2655526
K. Singh, R. Saxena, S. Kumar, Caputo-based fractional derivative in fractional Fourier transform domain. IEEE J. Emer. Sel. Top. Circ. Syst. 3(3), 330–337 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/JETCAS.2013.2272837
Y. Tan, Z.Q. He, B.Y. Tian, A novel generalization of modified LMS algorithm to fractional order. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 22(9), 1244–1248 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2015.2394301
S. Tyagi, S.C. Martha, Finite-time stability for a class of fractional-order fuzzy neural networks with proportional delay. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 381, 68–77 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2019.04.010
Z.R. Wang, B. Shiri, D. Baleanu, Discrete fractional watermark technique. Front. Inf. Technol. Electron. Eng. 21(6), 880–883 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2000133
Y.H. Wei, Q. Gao, S.S. Cheng, Y. Wang, Description and analysis of the time-domain response of Nabla discrete fractional order systems. Asian J. Control 23(4), 1911–1922 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/asjc.2402
Y.H. Wei, Y. Kang, W.D. Yin, Y. Wang, Generalization of the gradient method with fractional order gradient direction. J. Franklin Inst. 357(4), 2514–2532 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfranklin.2020.01.008
B. Widrow, M.E. Hoff, Adaptive switching circuits. Neurocomputing 4(1), 126–134 (1960). https://doi.org/10.21236/ad0241531
B. Widrow, J.M. McCool, M.G. Larimore, C.R. Johnson, Stationary and nonstationary learning characteristics of the LMS adaptive filter. Proc. IEEE 64(8), 1151–1162 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1109/PROC.1976.10286
Z.J. Xiong, L. Liu, H.J. Yang, Fast and precise scanning and tracking control of space beam based on adaptive LMS algorithm. Chin. Space Sci. Technol. 41(5), 95–102 (2021). https://doi.org/10.16708/j.cnki.1000-758X.2021.0071
Z.L. Yu, G.H. Sun, J.F. Lv, A fractional-order momentum optimization approach of deep neural networks. Neural Comput. Appl. 34(9), 7091–7111 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06765-2
Z.W. Zheng, Y.T. Huang, L.H. Xie, B. Zhu, Adaptive trajectory tracking control of a fully actuated surface vessel with asymmetrically constrained input and output. IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol. 26(5), 1851–1859 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2017.2728518
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF) of China (Grant No. 61973329) and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. Z180005).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, H., Mo, L. A Novel LMS Algorithm with Double Fractional Order. Circuits Syst Signal Process 42, 1236–1260 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-022-02192-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-022-02192-3