Skip to main content
Log in

Estimation and Inference in Nonparametric Cox-models: Time Transformation Methods

  • Published:
Computational Statistics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

In this paper generalization of the Cox proportional hazards regression model to a completely nonparametric model with an unspecified smooth covariate function is studied. A class of methods for Cox-regression called time transformation methods are defined, and a new method for nonparametric Cox-regression in this class is in particular studied. It turns out that this method enjoys a number of useful properties.

Ways of doing inference and model checking in nonparametric Cox-models are also discussed, and a brief overview and comparison of methods for nonparametric Cox-regression is given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Breslow, N. E. (1972), ‘Contribution to the discussion of “Regression models and life-tables” by D. R. Cox’, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B 34, 187–220.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Chu, C.-K. & Marron, J. S. (1991), ‘Choosing a kernel regression estimator’, Statistical Science 6, 404–436.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Clayton, D. & Cuzick, J. (1985), ‘The EM algorithm for Cox’s regression model using GLIM’, Applied Statistics 34, 148–156.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, D. R. (1972), ‘Regression models and life-tables’, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B 34, 187–220.

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, D. R. (1975), ‘Partial likelihood’, Biometrika 62, 269–276.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Efron, B. (1988), ‘Computer-intensive methods in statistical regression’, SIAM Review 30, 421–449.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Fahrmeir, L. & Klinger, A. (1998), ‘A nonparametric multiplicative hazard model for event history analysis’, Biometrika 85, 581–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, J., Gijbels, I. & King, M. (1997), ‘Local likelihood and local partial likelihood in hazard regression’, The Annals of Statistics 25, 1661–1690.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Gentleman, R. & Crowley, J. (1991), ‘Local full likelihood estimation for the proportional hazards model’, Biometrics 47, 1283–1296.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, R. J. (1992), ‘Flexible methods for analyzing survival data using splines, with applications to breast cancer prognosis’, Journal of the American Statistical Association 87, 942–951.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hastie, T. & Tibshirani, R. (1990), ‘Exploring the nature of covariate effects in the proportional hazards model’, Biometrics 46, 1005–1016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein, J. P. & Moeschberger, M. L. (1997), Survival Analysis: Techniques for Censored and Truncated Data, Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kooperberger, C., Stone, C. J. & Truong, Y. (1995), ‘Hazard regression’, Journal of the American Statistical Association 90, 78–94.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Kvaløy, J. T. (1999), Statistical Methods for Detecting and Modeling General Patterns and Relationships in Lifetime Data, PhD thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kvaløy, J. T. (2002), ‘Covariate order tests for covariate effect’, Lifetime Data Analysis 8, 35–52.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Kvaløy, J. T. & Lindqvist, B. H. (1998), The covariate order method for censored exponential regression, Technical Report 10, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematical Sciences.

  • Miller, R. & Halpern, J. (1982), ‘Regression with censored data’, Biometrika 69, 521–531.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • O’Sullivan, F. (1988), ‘Nonparametric estimation of relative risk using splines and cross-validation’, SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing 9, 531–542.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Sleeper, L. A. & Harrington, D. P. (1990), ‘Regression splines in the Cox model with application to covariate effects in liver disease’, Journal of the American Statistical Association 85, 941–949.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staniswalis, J. G. (1989), ‘The kernel estimate of a regression function in likelihood-based models’, Journal of the American Statistical Association 84, 276–283.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Tibshirani, R. (1984), Local likelihood estimation, Technical Report 223, Stanford University, Department of Statistics.

  • Tibshirani, R. & Hastie, T. (1987), ‘Local likelihood estimation’, Journal of the American Statistical Association 82, 559–567.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Jan Terje Kvaløy was funded by a PhD grant from the Research Council of Norway during most of the work on this paper. We would like to thank the editors and referees for comments and suggestions that improved the paper.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kvaløy, J.T., Lindqvist, B.H. Estimation and Inference in Nonparametric Cox-models: Time Transformation Methods. Computational Statistics 18, 205–221 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s001800300141

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001800300141

Keywords

Navigation