Abstract
Dendritic or branching structures are commonly seen in natural phenomena such as lightning, cracks, and vegetal growth. They are also often used for artistic or decorative purposes. We present a new procedural method for modeling dendritic structures based on a path planning approach. Our method includes the use of a partial non-scalar distance metric that gives us powerful and responsive control over the evolving dendritic structure. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by creating dendritic stylizations of input images. We also show how our approach can be used to model more complex dendritic structures, such as trees; our algorithm allows us to create pareidolia effects, where an image is embedded within the branches of the tree.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.References
Ball, P.: The Self-Made Tapestry: Pattern Formation in Nature. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2001)
Brady, R., Ball, R.: Fractal growth of copper electrodeposits. Nature 309, 225 (1984)
Bunde, A., Havlin, S.: Fractals and Disordered Systems. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (1995)
Cohen, M.F., Shade, J., Hiller, S., Deussen, O.: Wang tiles for image and texture generation. ACM Trans. Graph. (TOG) 22, 287–294 (2003)
Dali, S.: The Salvador Dali Museum Collection. Bulfinch, Boston (1996)
Demko, S., Hodges, L., Naylor, B.: Construction of fractal objects with iterated function systems. In: SIGGRAPH ’85: Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 271–278. ACM, New York (1985). doi:10.1145/325334.325245
Desbenoit, B., Galin, E., Akkouche, S.: Simulating and modeling lichen growth. Comput. Graph. Forum 23(3), 341–350 (2004)
Gewali, L., Meng, A., Mitchell, J.S., Ntafos, S.: Path planning in 0/1/ weighted regions with applications. In: SCG ’88: Proceedings of the 4th Annual Symposium on Computational Geometry, pp. 266–278. ACM, New York (1988). doi:10.1145/73393.73421
Hertzmann, A., Jacobs, C.E., Oliver, N., Curless, B., Salesin, D.H.: Image analogies. In: Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 327–340 (2001)
Kim, T., Lin, M.C.: Visual simulation of ice crystal growth. In: SCA ’03: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, pp. 86–97. Eurographics Association, Aire-la-Ville, Switzerland (2003)
Kim, T., Lin, M.C.: Physically based animation and rendering of lightning. In: PG ’04: Proceedings of the Computer Graphics and Applications, 12th Pacific Conference on (PG’04), pp. 267–275. IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC (2004)
Kim, T., Sewall, J., Sud, A., Lin, M.C.: Fast simulation of laplacian growth. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 27(2), 68–76 (2007). doi:10.1109/MCG.2007.33
Long, J., Mould, D.: Improved image quilting. In: GI ’07: Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2007, pp. 257–264. ACM, New York (2007). doi:10.1145/1268517.1268559
Mech, R., Prusinkiewicz, P.: Visual models of plants interacting with their environment. In: SIGGRAPH ’96: Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 397–410. ACM, New York (1996). doi:10.1145/237170.237279
Mortensen, E.N., Barrett, W.A.: Intelligent scissors for image composition. In: SIGGRAPH ’95: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 191–198. ACM, New York (1995). doi:10.1145/218380.218442
Mould, D.: Image-guided fracture. In: GI ’05: Proceedings of the 2005 Conference on Graphics Interface, pp. 219–226. Canadian Human-Computer Communications Society, School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada (2005)
Mould, D.: Stipple placement using distance in a weighted graph. In: Proceedings of the Computational Aesthetics in Graphics, Visualization and Imaging, pp. 44–52 (2007)
Neubert, B., Franken, T., Deussen, O.: Approximate image-based tree-modeling using particle flows. In: SIGGRAPH ’07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers, p. 88. ACM, New York (2007). doi:10.1145/1275808.1276487
Pai, D.K., Reissell, L.: Multiresolution rough terrain motion planning. IEEE Trans. Robot. Auton. 14(1), 19–33 (1998)
Pedersen, H., Singh, K.: Organic labyrinths and mazes. In: NPAR ’06: Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Non-photorealistic Animation and Rendering, pp. 79–86. ACM, New York (2006). doi:10.1145/1124728.1124742
Power, J.L., Brush, A.J.B., Prusinkiewicz, P., Salesin, D.H.: Interactive arrangement of botanical L-system models. In: I3D ’99: Proceedings of the 1999 Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics, pp. 175–182. ACM, New York (1999). doi:10.1145/300523.300548
Yapo, M. (director): Premonition [motion picture]. Hyde Park Films (2007)
Prusinkiewicz, P., James, M., Mech, R.: Synthetic topiary. In: SIGGRAPH ’94: Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 351–358. ACM, New York (1994). doi:10.1145/192161.192254
Prusinkiewicz, P., Lindenmayer, A.: The algorithmic beauty of plants. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (1996)
Reeves, W.T., Blau, R.: Approximate and probabilistic algorithms for shading and rendering structured particle systems. In: SIGGRAPH ’85: Proceedings of the 12th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 313–322. ACM, New York (1985). doi:10.1145/325334.325250
Salisbury, M.P., Anderson, S.E., Barzel, R., Salesin, D.H.: Interactive pen-and-ink illustration. In: SIGGRAPH ’94: Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 101–108. ACM, New York (1994). doi:10.1145/192161.192185
Secord, A.: Weighted Voronoi stippling. In: NPAR ’02: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Non-photorealistic Animation and Rendering, pp. 37–43. ACM, New York (2002). doi:10.1145/508530.508537
Shiraishi, M., Yamaguchi, Y.: An algorithm for automatic painterly rendering based on local source image approximation. In: NPAR ’00: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Non-photorealistic Animation and Rendering, pp. 53–58. ACM, New York (2000). doi:10.1145/340916.340923
Streit, L., Buchanan, J.: Importance driven halftoning. Comput. Graph. Forum 17(3), 207–217 (1998)
Tan, P., Zeng, G., Wang, J., Kang, S.B., Quan, L.: Image-based tree modeling. In: SIGGRAPH ’07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers, p. 87. ACM, New York (2007). doi:10.1145/1275808.1276486
Wang, H.: Proving theorems by pattern recognition II. Bell Syst. Tech. J. 40(1), 1–42 (1961)
Wang, H.: Games, logic and computers. Sci. Am. 213(5), 98–106 (1965)
Weber, J., Penn, J.: Creation and rendering of realistic trees. In: SIGGRAPH ’95: Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 119–128. ACM, New York (1995). doi:10.1145/218380.218427
Winston, P.H.: Artificial Intelligence, 3rd edn. Addison-Wesley Longman, Boston (1992)
Witten, T., Sander, L.: Diffusion-limited aggregation, a kinetic critical phenomenon. Phys. Rev. Lett. 47(19), 1400–1403 (1981)
Wong, M.T., Zongker, D.E., Salesin, D.H.: Computer-generated floral ornament. In: SIGGRAPH ’98: Proceedings of the 25th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 423–434. ACM, New York (1998). doi:10.1145/280814.280948
Xu, J., Kaplan, C.: Image-guided maze construction. In: SIGGRAPH ’07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 papers, p. 29. ACM, New York (2007). doi:10.1145/1275808.1276414
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Long, J., Mould, D. Dendritic stylization. Vis Comput 25, 241–253 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-008-0217-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-008-0217-0