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Coordinated charge management for battery electric vehicles

Operation management of charging infrastructures for battery electric vehicles considering vehicle, infrastructure, and grid constraints

  • Special Issue Paper
  • Published:
Computer Science - Research and Development

Abstract

Compared to refueling gasoline powered vehicles, the charging of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) takes considerably more time which renders a single-purpose charging infrastructure inconvenient. More likely, the charging stations will be integrated into the parking infrastructure (parking decks, public, private and commercial parking sites). On average the duration of the parking will be longer than the duration of the charging process which creates a potential for load shifting. In turn this implies that the rated power of large charging infrastructures can be chosen to be smaller than the sum of rated powers of all charging points, provided that the load shifting potential can be activated. In this paper a complete description of the problem at hand is given in terms of a mixed integer linear program which can readily be integrated into the operation management of charging infrastructures. It allows to coordinate the charging processes of multiple BEVs to fully exploit the load shifting potential while taking into account the limitations of the distribution grid, the charging infrastructure, and the BEVs. In addition to ensuring the safety of the operation, the objective of the optimization can be adapted to set use-case specific incentives.

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Notes

  1. Note, that the current communication standards [3, 10, 11] do not support SOC-dependent maximal charging powers. For further information on the parameterization of \(P^{max}(SOC)\) within the MILP model and the realization in the field trials, please see (7) and Sect. 5, respectively.

  2. Here \(i_1\) denotes the index of a subnode of the grid connection point (level 0). Consequently the index \(i_l\) is referring to the ith subnode connected to a node in level l-1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Heidenhofstr. 2, 79110, Freiburg, Germany

    Felix Braam, Arne Groß, Michael Mierau, Robert Kohrs & Christof Wittwer

Authors
  1. Felix Braam
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  2. Arne Groß
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  3. Michael Mierau
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  4. Robert Kohrs
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  5. Christof Wittwer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Felix Braam.

Additional information

This work was partially supported by the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Reactor Safety within the project Intellan under grant number 16EM1059 and by German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure within the framework of the livinglab emobil BW showcase project Fellbach ZEROplus under grant number 16SBW012A.

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Braam, F., Groß, A., Mierau, M. et al. Coordinated charge management for battery electric vehicles. Comput Sci Res Dev 32, 183–193 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00450-016-0307-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00450-016-0307-6

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