Abstract
This research-in-progress paper investigates the concept of a virtual battery storage and its integration into the unit commitment of the conventional and pumped-storage hydro power plant fleet in Germany after the nuclear phase-out in 2023. The study suggests that the efficiency of power supply with conventional power plants increases by substituting pumped-storage hydro power plants with a virtual battery storage, which is pointed out by decreasing operation of conventional power plants, costs and CO\(_2\) emissions. Additionally, the paper shows a conflict between efficient storages and gas power plants, since batteries allow to store cheap power from base load power plants with high CO\(_2\) emissions.



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Acknowledgements
This research took place in the project Combined Optimization, Simulation and Net Analysis of the German Electric Energy System in an European Context (KOSiNeK) (Project No. 03ET4035) and has been funded by the 6th energy research program of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology of Germany (BMWi).
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Steber, D., Pruckner, M., Schlund, J. et al. Including a virtual battery storage into thermal unit commitment. Comput Sci Res Dev 33, 223–229 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00450-017-0362-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00450-017-0362-7