Abstract
We prove an incidence theorem for points and planes in the projective space ℙ3 over any Field \(\mathbb{F}\), whose characteristic p ≠ 2. An incidence is viewed as an intersection along a line of a pair of two-planes from two canonical rulings of the Klein quadric. The Klein quadric can be traversed by a generic hyperplane, yielding a line-line incidence problem in a three-quadric, the Klein image of a regular line complex. This hyperplane can be chosen so that at most two lines meet. Hence, one can apply an algebraic theorem of Guth and Katz, with a constraint involving p if p > 0.
This yields a bound on the number of incidences between m points and n planes in ℙ3, with m≥n as
, where k is the maximum number of collinear planes, provided that n = O(p2) if p > 0. Examples show that this bound cannot be improved without additional assumptions.
This gives one a vehicle to establish geometric incidence estimates when p >0. For a non-collinear point set S⊆F2 and a non-degenerate symmetric or skew-symmetric bilinear form ω, the number of distinct values of ω on pairs of points of S is \(\Omega \left[ {\min \left( {{{\left| S \right|}^{\frac{2}{3}}},p} \right)} \right]\). This is also the best known bound over ℝ, where it follows from the Szemerédi-Trotter theorem. Also, a set S ⊆ F3, not supported in a single semi-isotropic plane contains a point, from which \(\Omega \left[ {\min \left( {{{\left| S \right|}^{\frac{1}{2}}},p} \right)} \right]\) distinct distances to other points of S are attained.
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Rudnev, M. On the Number of Incidences Between Points and Planes in Three Dimensions. Combinatorica 38, 219–254 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00493-016-3329-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00493-016-3329-6