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SAS/OWA: ordered weighted averaging in SAS optimization

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Abstract

This paper explores the use of the optimization procedures in SAS/OR software with application to the ordered weight averaging (OWA) operators of decision-making units (DMUs). OWA was originally introduced by Yager (IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 18(1):183–190, 1988) has gained much interest among researchers, hence many applications such as in the areas of decision making, expert systems, data mining, approximate reasoning, fuzzy system and control have been proposed. On the other hand, the SAS is powerful software and it is capable of running various optimization tools such as linear and non-linear programming with all type of constraints. To facilitate the use of OWA operator by SAS users, a code was implemented. The SAS macro developed in this paper selects the criteria and alternatives from a SAS dataset and calculates a set of OWA weights. An example is given to illustrate the features of SAS/OWA software.

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Notes

  1. This software is available at http://www.OWAzone.com/sasowa

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank three anonymous referees for their comments and suggestions, which have been very helpful in improving the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Operations and Information Management, Aston Business School, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK

    Ali Emrouznejad

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  1. Ali Emrouznejad
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Correspondence to Ali Emrouznejad.

Appendices

Appendix 1: SAS code for data handling

figure c

Appendix 2: SAS code for model building

The model building includes four macros:

  • %modelAE;

  • %modelMin;

  • %modelMean;

  • %modelMax;

Readers that are family with SAS can add any other OWA operator using similar code as used in these macros.

figure d

Appendix 3: SAS code for report writing

figure e

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Emrouznejad, A. SAS/OWA: ordered weighted averaging in SAS optimization. Soft Comput 14, 379–386 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-009-0411-7

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