Abstract
Wireless sensor networks are deployed in complex and uncertain environments, and multiple objectives of routing algorithms are expected to be optimal. However, routing algorithms based on deterministic single objective optimization may not flexibly meet the above needs of applications. This paper adopts fuzzy random optimization and multi-objective optimization, introduces fuzzy random variables to describe both fuzziness and randomness of link delay, link reliability and nodes’ residual energy, and proposes a routing model based on fuzzy random expected value and standard deviation model. A hybrid routing algorithm based on fuzzy random multi-objective optimization is designed, which embeds fuzzy random simulation into genetic algorithm with Pareto optimal solution. Simulation results show that the presented algorithm, by adjusting the parameters of fuzzy random variables for depicting both fuzziness and randomness, achieves a longer lifetime and wider performances of delay, latency jitter, reliability, communication interference, energy and balanced energy distribution. Therefore, the presented algorithm can meet different application needs of the cluster head network in the two-tiered wireless sensor networks.
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Acknowledgments
The research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 60970054, 61173094 and 61373083, the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No. GK201302024.
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Communicated by L. T. Koczy.
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Lu, J., Wang, X., Zhang, L. et al. Fuzzy random multi-objective optimization based routing for wireless sensor networks. Soft Comput 18, 981–994 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-013-1119-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-013-1119-2