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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Design of linear array for shaped beams using enhanced flower pollination optimization algorithm

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This article was retracted on 24 October 2024

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Abstract

A technique to perform the synthesis of sum patterns which can achieve beam shaping using individual heights of side lobes is presented. The side lobes can be adjusted to any arbitrary specification, and flat-top far-field radiation patterns are generated using enhanced flower pollination algorithm (EFPA) which is discussed in this paper. The problem of designing an array can be expressed as an optimization problem that aims to reduce the first two side lobes to − 50 dB and by reducing the remaining side lobes to − 40 dB in case 1. The EFPA is applied to determine the excitation coefficients of their amplitudes so as to obtain the required pattern. The objective for case 2 is to obtain the flat-top sector beam for specified angular regions. Complex excitation coefficients are determined using EFPA for various beam widths. The radiation patterns are generated numerically using the obtained excitation coefficients. The results reveal that not only the ripples are controlled in the trade-in region, but the side lobe levels are also maintained in the acceptable limits. The results presented are very much useful for marine radar applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India

    Nagavalli Vegesna & G. Yamuna

  2. Shri Vishnu Engineering College for Women (Autonomous), Bhimavaram, AP, India

    Sudheer Kumar Terlapu

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  1. Nagavalli Vegesna
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  2. G. Yamuna
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  3. Sudheer Kumar Terlapu
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Correspondence to Sudheer Kumar Terlapu.

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This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-024-10228-w

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Vegesna, N., Yamuna, G. & Terlapu, S.K. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Design of linear array for shaped beams using enhanced flower pollination optimization algorithm. Soft Comput 26, 5805–5813 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-07146-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-07146-0

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